The Blood 10 Lesson 10.1: The Function and Composition of the Blood Lesson 10.2: Blood Types Lesson 10.3: Blood Disorders and Diseases

The Function and Composition of Blood Chapter 10: The Blood Lesson 10.1 The Function and Composition of Blood

The Function and Composition of Blood the function of blood the formed elements physical properties of blood plasma

The Function and Composition of Blood manufacturing blood cells red blood cells white blood cells platelets

Functions of the Blood

The Formed Elements solid portion of blood red blood cells carry oxygen white blood cells immune response platelets clot

Physical Properties of Blood blood volume 4–5 liters of blood taste salty color bright red from artery dull red from vein

Plasma liquid portion of blood 90% water 8% plasma proteins 2% mixture of electrolytes, nutrients, ions, respiratory gases, hormones, waste products

The Composition of Blood

Review and Assessment Match these words with 1–4 below: plasma, platelets, bright red, red blood cell. 1. liquid portion of blood 2. carry oxygen 3. clot 4. arterial blood

Manufacturing Blood Cells hematopoiesis making new blood cells stem cells make blood cells in red bone marrow lymphatic tissue

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) shape and size disk-shaped 7–8 micrometers in diameter hemoglobin binds with oxygen

Red Blood Cells (Erythrocytes) erythropoiesis the process of making red blood cells recycling red blood cells live 120 days phagocytosis–RBCs recycled hemolysis–RBCs broken open

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) neutrophils first responders eosinophils allergic reactions basophils produce histamine

White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) lymphocytes T cells B cells form antibodies monocytes become macrophages

Characteristics of White Blood Cells granulocytes neutrophils perform phagocytosis kill bacteria and fungi eosinophils destroy parasitic worms control allergic responses basophils release histamine active in allergic reactions

Characteristics of White Blood Cells agranulocytes lymphocytes B cells produce antibodies T cells and NK cells fight cancerous tumors and viruses monocytes perform phagocytosis live longer than neutrophils morph into macrophages and remove dead cell debris and attack microorganisms

Platelets (Thrombocytes) hemostasis stops bleeding steps of hemostasis vessel wall injury and constriction platelet aggregation platelet plug formation and coagulation blood clot formation and retraction

The Process of Hemostasis

Review and Assessment Fill in the blanks with: basophils, hemostasis, hemoglobin, or T cell. 1. _______________ is a type of lymphocyte. 2. _______________ produce histamine. 3. _______________ binds with oxygen. 4. _______________ stops bleeding.

Chapter 10: The Blood Lesson 10.2 Blood Types

Blood Types blood types the Rh classification system complete blood count

Blood Types A, B, AB, and O antigens and antibodies antigen antibody on surface of RBC, identify self and non-self antibody in blood plasma, mark foreign cells

Blood Types

Blood Transfusions agglutination universal recipient universal donor clumping of RBCs universal recipient blood type AB universal donor blood type O

The Rh Classification System Rh-positive individuals have Rh factor antigen on RBCs Rh-negative individuals do not have Rh factor antigen on RBCs Rh factor complications erythroblastosis fetalis RhoGAM

Complete Blood Count detects blood disorders or diseases

Review and Assessment True or False? 1. Blood type O is the universal donor. 2. Agglutination is the clumping of RBCs. 3. Antigens are in blood plasma. 4. Antibodies are on the surface of RBCs. 5. Rh factor is positive or negative.

Blood Disorders and Diseases Chapter 10: The Blood Lesson 10.3 Blood Disorders and Diseases

Blood Disorders and Diseases anemia jaundice hemophilia polycythemia leukemia multiple myeloma

Anemia decrease in number of RBCs insufficient amount of hemoglobin acquired anemia deficient diet, parasitic worms, disease inherited anemia genetic makeup

Acquired Anemias iron-deficient anemia insufficient dietary intake of iron bleeding from intestinal worms pregnancy

Acquired Anemias aplastic anemia damage to stem cells in bone marrow causes toxins radiation therapy or chemotherapy infectious disease heredity

Acquired Anemias pernicious anemia anemias caused by chronic disease intestines can not absorb vitamin B12 anemias caused by chronic disease rheumatoid arthritis kidney disease chronic infections cancer

Inherited Anemias sickle cell anemia Cooley’s anemia RBCs have abnormal shape crises–painful episodes Cooley’s anemia cannot produce fully formed hemoglobin cannot make enough RBCs

Jaundice yellow-colored skin and whites of the eyes excess bilirubin from breakdown of RBCs possible liver damage newborns photobank.kiev.ua/Shutterstock.com

Blood Disorders hemophilia polycythemia inherited blood does not clot overproduction of RBCs causes thick blood

Leukemia cancer of the blood acute lymphocytic leukemia over production of lymphocytes acute myeloid leukemia too many myeloblasts

Leukemia chronic lymphocytic leukemia chronic myeloid leukemia high level of lymphocytes chronic myeloid leukemia too many granulocytes

Multiple Myeloma plasma cell cancer in bone marrow may damage bone treatable incurable

Review and Assessment Match these words with 1–4 below: jaundice, leukemia, anemia, hemophilia. 1. cancer of the blood 2. blood does not clot 3. yellow colored skin 4. decrease in number of RBCs