Introduction to Computing Lecture 1

Instructor: Nadeem Ahmad Khan TA: Haroon Waseem Haroon Waseem

Course Goals ► Introduce computers and computing ► Build programming concepts for next level programming courses ► Familiarize students with Visual Basic 6

Textbooks Computing Fundamentals with Visual Basic (Chapters 1-7)

Visit the course website for the course outline There will be one class and one lab weekly Visit the course website for the course outline There will be one class and one lab weekly

Course Policy

Please be on time (better: before time)

► Unannounced ► Applicable rules and submission deadlines will be indicated with the assignments ► No make-ups Assignments (15%)

► minutes duration ► Will cover reading assignments and material covered in the class material covered in the class ► Unannounced ► No make-ups ► you may miss at most two quizzes without penalty! without penalty! Class Quizzes (15%)

► Will be on hardcopy quiz or a short graded in-class computer programming assignment ► Unannounced ► No make-ups ► you may miss at most two lab quizzes without penalty! without penalty! Lab Quizzes (15%)

► Close book ► Will be based on all material covered in the first 10 sessions the first 10 sessions Midterm (25%)

Final Exam (30%) ► Close book ► Will be based on all material covered in the entire course of 10 weeks

Office Hours ► Hours reserved by the instructor & TA’s for the students of CS101 for:  Answering questions  Clarifying concepts  Discussing assignments & quizzes

For more info. and announcements related to the course : Check the course web site and your often

What is a Computer and can a Computer think?

► Device that accepts input, process and stores data, and gives output A Computer: A Computer: ► Device that can execute specific set of instructions in a well- defined manner

► Computer Hardware ► Electric, electronic, and mechanical devices Computer System Basics ► Computer Software ► Programs and data in electronic form on a storage medium ► Program- Sequence of Instructions

Computer Hardware

► Input devices ► Processor & Memory ► Storage devices ► Output devices

Input Devices ► Mouse ► Keyboard ► Joystick ► Light pen ► Tablet ► Camera ► Microphone

Output Devices Printer - laser, inkjet, dotmatrix, thermal Plotter - flatbed, drum Speakers Monitor - CRT, LCD, projector

Modem ?

(Secondary) Storage ► Punch cards ► Hard disk ► Floppy ► CD ► DVD

Peripheral Devices?

Processor/CPU ► Pentium ► 8086 ► Celeron ► SPARC ► Alpha etc etc What are Control Unit and ALU?

Memory (Primary Storage) ► RAM ► ROM ► EPROM etc. etc. Virtual Memory?

Bits & Bytes Bit - a binary digit Byte - a binary word consisting of 8 bits kB bytes MB kB GB MB TB GB

Ports ► Parallel ► Serial etc. etc.

Figure

The Bus?

Keyboard Mouse Printer RAM/ROM HD Mem Bus System Bus Monitor CD Processor Floating Point Unit Integer Unit Cache Control Unit

Licensed and Free Software ► Single user license ► Multiple user license ► Concurrent use license ► Site license ► Public domain software ► Shareware Computer Software

► System Software: ► Controls the computer ► Performs the basic operating tasks Computer Software: ► Application Software: ► Help user to accomplish a specific task

Application Software System Software Hardware

System Software Operating systems ► Works as coordinator between hardware and user software Example: Opening a word document, screen display, print, and save. ► Works as coordinator between hardware and user software Example: Opening a word document, screen display, print, and save. ► Allocates system resources (CPU, peripherals) Examples: use of key board, mouse, playing music, displaying on monitor

System Software Contd. Utility Software Software that augment the system software Example: preparing disks to store data

System Software Contd. Device Drivers Device Drivers The system software that helps computer control a peripheral device. Usually supplied by the vendor of the computer device The system software that helps computer control a peripheral device. Usually supplied by the vendor of the computer device Example: DD for mouse, DD for Laser printer

System Software Contd. Programming Languages Tools to create the Application Software

Application Software ► Productivity software Software which enhance the productivity

Application Software Contd. ► Business software ► Help org. to efficiently do routine tasks  Horizontal Market business software  Vertical Market business software

Application Software Contd. ► Entertainment software ► Educational software

Computer Networks: A collection of computers and other devices that communicate with each other to share data, hardware and software

Computer Networks (contd.) ► Local Area Networks (LAN): Network that is located within a relatively limited area (a building or campus) ► Wide Area Networks (WAN): Network that covers a large geographical area

A Computer Network Local workstation Workstation Network Server Network Printer

Internet Is a collection of local, regional, and national computer networks that are linked together to exchange data and distribute computing tasks Is a collection of local, regional, and national computer networks that are linked together to exchange data and distribute computing tasks World Wide Web (WWW) and Electronic Mails ( ) are among the Internet Services World Wide Web (WWW) and Electronic Mails ( ) are among the Internet Services

History of Computing

Charles Babbage ( ) ► Designer of the Analytical Engine - the very first computer (1833)

John Von Neumann ► Developed the stored program concept

Chapter 1 The Number Systems

Binary Number System What is the Base of the Decimal Number System?

Binary Number System The Base of the Binary System is 2

Binary Number System How to know the (decimal system) value of a binary number?