Chapter 11 Intelligence

Components of Intelligence 1. Understand complex ideas 2. Adapt to the environment 3. Learn from experience 4. Ability to reason 5. Problem solving skills

Theories of Intelligence Spearman vs. Thurstone –“g” or multiple components?? –PMA Sternberg’s Triarchic Theory –Componential Intelligence (book smarts) –Experiental Intelligence (creativity) –Contextual Intelligence (street smarts)

Theories of Intelligence Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences logical/mathematical linguistic spatial Cattell’s Theory Empirically based Crystallized intelligence G C Fluid intelligence G F musical bodily kinesthetic interpersonal intrapersonal

Tests of Intelligence Standford-Binet –Binet-Simon Scale –“IQ” –Ages 2-23 Four Subscales –Verbal –Abstract/Visual –Quantitative –STM Weschler Scales –WAIS-R (Adult) –WISC-III (5-16) –WPPSI (3-7) Two Subscales –Verbal –Performance Other Tests: Raven Matrices, K-ABC

Current and Future Skills n Aptitude Tests –SAT ?? –GRE ?? –Intelligence Tests n Achievement Tests –AP tests –Regency tests –Iowa Achievement tests

Issues in Measurement n Reliability –Split-Half –Test-Retest n Validity –Content –Criterion Concurrent Predictive

Other Things to Consider n Nature v. Nurture n Cultural and Gender Differences n Extremes of Intelligence –MR –Giftedness

Creativity n Area of problem solving n novel and useful solutions n see relationships among remote ideas n interaction of multiple factors

Ways to measure creativity n Divergent thinking Divergent thinking n Remote Associates Test (RAT) Remote Associates Test (RAT) n Opinions of Experts

Divergent Thinking n How many different ways can you group a deck of cards? n How many different words begin with L and end with N? L_____N

Remote Associations CHARMING FOOD HEARTED DARK CANADIAN TUG ATTORNEY MAGIC ARM TYPE FROG CATCHER FEET SHOT GOLF GRAVY SELF PITCH COAL GHOST VALIANT HOT BITTER SUN SANDWICH SHOW SPENDING POWER PEACH STORY PRINCE DOG COLD GLASSES CLUB BOAT DEFENSE BLACK PIT WRITER

What’s the Association? Time Root Shape Peg Dance Person Box Foot Table

Final Thoughts n Investment Theory n Mental blocks - Incubation n Confluence –intelligence –knowledge –motivation –supportive environment –style & personality