Introduction to GIS What is GIS? What are GIS Components?
Geographic Information Systems Definition: –A computer-based system to aid in the collection, maintenance, storage, analysis, output, and distribution of spatial data and information (Bolstad 2002) –Key to this definition: Absolute and relative location of features Properties and attributes of features
El Capitan Climbing routes El Capitan Rock types
Hurricane Katrina From Deidre Sullivan
Other Applications Risk assessment –Natural disasters, disease infection, etc. Transportation systems –Highways and interstates, subway and bus routes Infrastructure –Power grids, sewage, water and gas lines Natural resource management
Geographic Information System Resolution can vary: –Detailed: Location of buildings in a city Individual trees in a forest –Coarse Population of the Eastern seaboard Depths of the Atlantic ocean
Who does GIS? From Deidre Sullivan
GIS Jobs GIS Analyst I
Who uses GIS? Public organizations –Police and fire dispatch and routes NYFD –Utilities (gas, cable, and water lines) –Tax assessment and property records –Land management
GIS Applications Scientists –Endangered species –Animal tracking and migration –Fisheries management NOAA live maps Try a GIS Map NOAA Mako shark track
GIS functions Capture Store Query Analyze Display Output
GIS Components Five key components of GIS: –Hardware –Software –Data –People –Method
Hardware
Software Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI)Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI) Intergraph Corporation Autodesk Caliper: GIS Software, Mapping SoftwareCaliper: GIS Software, Mapping Software
Supporting Technologies and Disciplines Geography Cartography-art of map making Remote Sensing Photogrammetry Surveying Geodesy Statistics Computer Science Math From Deidre Sullivan
ESRI ESRI is the world leader in GIS software –HomepageHomepage –TrainingTraining ArcGIS Desktop –ArcView (Basic) –ArcEditor (Standard) –ArcInfo (Advanced) –…….and desktop extensions (i.e.: spatial analyst)
Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 1-17 A history of products Arc/Info Arc ArcPlot Info/Tables ArcEdit GRID ArcView 3x ArcGIS ArcMap ArcInfo Workstation ArcCatalog ArcToolbox ArcGIS Desktop CoveragesShapefilesGeodatabases
ArcGIS Desktop
Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 1-19 ArcGIS Desktop ArcCatalog ArcMap ArcToolbox
Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 1-20 ArcGIS functionality Three levels of functionality and cost $$$Advanced $$Standard $Basic Same interface and programs More tools in the toolbox
Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 1-21 ArcGIS Extensions Spatial Analyst 3D Analyst Publisher/ArcReader Network Analyst Maplex Geostatistical Analyst Extensions are additional tools and commands that can be added to the core ArcGIS interface Appear as new toolbars and toolsets in ArcCatalog
Copyright © 2006 by Maribeth H. Price 1-22 Licensing Floating point licenses –ArcInfo only –Central server checks out licenses –Requires a dongle and a license file Standalone licenses –Uses a registration file/ register online –No dongle needed –Available for ArcView and ArcEditor only