Nationalism during the “Era of Good Feelings” Unit 4, Lesson 1

Essential Idea After the War of 1812, American nationalism could be seen in culture, politics, the Supreme Court, land expansion, and the economy.

The “Era of Good Feelings” Monroe Elected: James Monroe was elected president in 1816 Monroe oversaw the “Era of Good Feelings,” a period of nationalism Nationalism: Feeling of strong patriotism

Post-war Nationalism Effects of Nationalism after War of 1812: Nationalism overshadowed sectionalism and the country was more unified The country developed its own culture (non- European) The power of the federal government grew The country’s size and economy expanded

Cultural Nationalism Literature: Stories had AMERICAN settings and AMERICAN themes Noah Webster: Wrote the “Blue- Backed Speller,” which defined AMERICAN English as different from British Art: Hudson River School- landscape painters who celebrated AMERICAN nature

Political Nationalism Federalists Fall Apart: After the Federalists “died out,” only Democratic- Republicans were left Unity: Until 1824, there was only one party, more unity, and willingness to compromise The Rise of Jackson: Parties split and fought again when Andrew Jackson ran for president in 1824

Judicial Nationalism John Marshall: Famous Chief Justice of the Supreme Court Marshall’s rulings reflected nationalism and strengthened the federal government

Judicial Nationalism Case #1: McCulloch v. Maryland Issue: The STATE of Maryland tried to tax the Bank of the United States Ruling: States cannot interfere with an agency of the FEDERAL government Significance: Established the BUS as constitutional Established the FEDERAL government as supreme over states

Judicial Nationalism Case #2: Gibbons v. Ogden Issue: The STATE of New York gave a steamboat company license to operate on water between states Ruling: The FEDERAL government regulates trade between states Significance: Established that the FEDERAL government regulates INTERSTATE COMMERCE (trade) Expanded FEDERAL control over the NATIONAL economy

Judicial Nationalism Overall Effect of Marshall Court: Increased supremacy of FEDERAL government over states

Nationalism and Expansion Relationship between Nationalism and Expansion: Nationalism caused many Americans to want to expand the country Many Americans wanted the country to grow in size and power

Florida Florida: Spain still owned Florida Southern slaves ran away to Florida Seminole Indians in Florida launched attacks on the South Andrew Jackson was ordered in to Florida to stop the Seminoles

Jackson Takes Florida Jackson Takes Florida: Jackson destroyed many Seminole villages Jackson disobeyed orders by attacking Spanish forts and removing the Spanish governor

America Buys Florida Adams-Onis Treaty- Spain agreed to sell Florida to the United States Obtaining Florida

Westward Westward expansion: Americans began to move west into the Louisiana Territory, especially Missouri The North and South would eventually fight over whether slavery could expand westward too

Monroe Doctrine Monroe Doctrine: America worried that other countries would expand into North and South America too This was seen as a threat to the United States Monroe Doctrine- President Monroe declared the Americas off- limits to European powers The Monroe Doctrine

Economic Nationalism Economic Nationalism: The economy grew during the “Era of Good Feelings” New Economic Plan: “American System”- Henry Clay’s plan to encourage economic growth as the country expanded westward

The “American System” Plan: The “American System” Part 1: Second Bank of the United States Details: The government rechartered the BUS The BUS would manage the growing NATIONAL economy Reactions: North favored this and owned most stock in the BUS South and West distrusted the BUS and thought it was unconstitutional

Tariffs Rates Increase Part 2: Protective Tariffs Details: These tariffs were higher and designed to PROTECT American businesses from foreign competition Reactions: Northern factories thrived under protection and could raise their prices South and West disliked higher prices for northern products South and West faced higher tariffs on their exports to other countries

Internal Improvements Part 3: “Internal Improvements” Details: Internal improvements- tariff revenue would pay for building roads, canals, and railroads Need for Transportation This would increase trade and help the country expand Reactions: North and West liked this because it helped the two areas trade Internal Improvements South disliked this because they got fewer internal improvements South felt STATES should pay for improvements, not the FEDERAL government

The “American System” Overall Effect of the “American System”: Helped develop a NATIONAL economy, but benefitted the South the least