Concepts of Engineering and Technology Introduction to Engineering Fundamentals and Civilization Part 1 - Definitions Photo Courtesy of Gary Payne/Denton Record-Chronicle Photo Courtesy of Steve Van Meter, VideoRay Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Warm-Up Activity Directions: Please take out a sheet of paper and respond to the questions below. Please check your spelling. In your own words, “What is Engineering?” In your own words, “What is Science?” In your own words, “What is Technology?” Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Questions to ponder: What is the difference between science and technology? What are the greatest engineering accomplishments of the 20th century? How do newer engineering accomplishments compare to those throughout history? How does technology impact the world? What is the difference between innovation and invention? What is an ethical design dilemma? Why did engineering societies develop standards? Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

ABET defines engineering as: “The profession in which knowledge of the mathematical and natural sciences, gained by study, experience, and practice, is applied with judgment to develop ways to use, economically, the materials and forces of nature for the benefit of mankind.” Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Engineer A person who designs products, structures, or systems to improve peoples lives Mathematics is the language of science, engineering, and technology. Engineers use math to describe objects in great detail, and mathematical models can test designs without actually building them. Engineers use scientific principles to guide their design. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Engineers work in teams, and planning and design is a large part of their work. Engineering is a form of problem solving. Engineers work in teams because different people have different skills and can look at problems in different ways. An engineer must look at problem criteria and solution constraints. Engineering involves design and construction. Engineering is iterative. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Example Engineering Requirements Performance and Functionality Will identify skin lesions with a 90% accuracy Should be able to measure within 1mm Reliability Operational 99.9% of the time MTBF of 10 years Energy Average power consumption of 2 watts Peak current draw of 1 amp ECE 404 Scott Umbaugh, Textbook: Design for ECE Engineers, Ford & Coulston Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Constraints Economic Environmental Ethical and Legal Health and Safety Manufacturability Political and Social – FDA, language? Sustainability ECE 404 Scott Umbaugh, Textbook: Design for ECE Engineers, Ford & Coulston Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Technology The means by which humans modify the world to address their wants and needs Involves an artifact Includes phones and televisions, and also things like spoons and running shoes It even includes the kernel of the grass grains we use in our cereal Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Technology often involves a system, and includes the people, infrastructure, and processes. Involves the design, manufacture, use, and repair of the object The innovation, change, or modification of the natural environment to satisfy perceived human needs and wants Human innovation in action that involves the generation of knowledge and processes to develop systems that solve problems and extend human capabilities Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Science Involves knowledge about the natural world Often involves knowledge for its own sake Discovers and explains what is Engineering involves creating what has never been Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Technological progress promotes science advancement Different compounds have different masses The compounds are ionized and broken up The magnet increases its strength like a ramp As the magnetic strength increases, the different masses bend at a travel angle that allows them to hit the detector The detector has an output off mass vs. intensity This mass spectrometer helped make the decoding of the human genome possible. Courtesy of: www.scienceaid.co.uk. Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

The Scientific Process Ask and define the question. Gather information and resources through observation. Form a hypothesis. Perform one or more experiments and collect and sort data. Analyze the data. Interpret the data and make conclusions that point to a hypothesis. Formulate a "final" or "finished" hypothesis. Courtesy of: Science Buddies http://www.sciencebuddies.org/mentoring/project_scientific_method.shtml Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

The Engineering Design Process Iterative! 1. Understand the need: What is the problem? What do I want to do? What are the project requirements? What are the limitations? Who is the customer? What is the goal? Gather information and research. 2. Brainstorm and design: Imagine and brainstorm ideas. Be creative. Investigate existing technologies and methods to use. Explore, compare and analyze many possible solutions. Select the most promising idea. 3. Plan: Draw a diagram of your idea. How will it work? What materials and tools are needed? How will you test it to make sure it works? 4. Create: Assign team tasks. Build a prototype. Does it work? Talk about what works, what doesn’t and what could work better. 5. Improve: Talk about how you could improve your end product. Make revisions. Draw new designs. Make your end product the best it can be. Courtesy of: Engineering is Elementary http://www.mos.org/eie/engineering_design.php Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

The seven key resources for engineering are: People Energy Capital Information Tools and machines Materials Time Skip this slide if you run out of time A resource is something that has value and which can be used to satisfy human needs and wants. Tools and machines allow humans to do things that are not possible with human power. Economics: Analysis of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services Opportunity costs, economic incentives, and corporate culture Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.

Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved. Engineering and Technology, 1st ed. Hacker et al. Delmar Cengage Learning (2010). Engineering Design: An Introduction, 1st ed. Karsnitz, O’Brian, Hutchinson, Delmar Cengage Learning (2008). Engineering Your Future, 2nd ed, Gomez, Oakes, Leone, Great Lakes Press (2008). Gateway To Engineering, 1st ed. Rogers, Wright, Yates. Delmar Cengage Learning (2010). Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.