9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model1 MicroBaby A simple micro-controller encompassing all the basics Start this class by organizing into groups.

9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model2 Lecture Overview  What is MicroBaby  The architecture  Addressing modes  Instructions  Internal registers and control signals

What is MicroBaby?  Micro-Baby is a simple computer architecture, in fact, very simple.  All microcontrollers and microprocessors are computer architectures, in most cases fairly simple ones.  In today’s world even microcontrollers are eons beyond basic. 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model3

Basic assumptions  It is assumed that the reader possesses a basic understanding of the binary number system and the implementation of logic equations in digital logic using AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR and NOT gates.  It is also assumed that the reader also has a somewhat beyond basic understanding of computer architecture. 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model4

Basic styles of architecture  Micro-Baby is a accumulator based load-store architecture.  It embodies the essence of the principles of a RISC architecture.  All instruction execution results are left in the accumulator.  The accumulator based load-store architecture is the base processor architecture that all other architectures build upon 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model5

MicroBaby internal structure  High level and high level internal structure 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model6

The memory modules  Interface to the memory modules 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model7

The ALU  Version 1 of the alu 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model8

The datapath  The datapath showing the internal data bus 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model9

The controller  Version 2 of the conroller 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model10

The instructions  The instruction set  Offers the basics  Would like to have logical shift instruction  Maybe rotate 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model11

Debugging the controller  The controller encoding in the microcode needs debugging to insure correctness.  Note the multiple control signals need to allow the architecture to function.  Friday will be simulation demonstration and general discussion of microbaby and what it teaches. Along with discussion of MU0 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model12

General note on this class  The only way the format of the class works is if the students participate.  After presentations a discussion will be lead to fill in the blanks from the presentations.  Attendance will be taken and will be incorporated into the grade. 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model13

Topics of talks  Friday – continue with microbaby  Wednesday – Chapter 1 of text – setting the tone.  Topic for beyond Friday will be shown Friday. 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model14

Topics for presentation next week  Next Wednesday Jan 21st  Group 1 – Chapter 1 of text Processor architecture and organization Hardware Design Abstraction MU0 – a simple processor  Group 2 – Chapter 1 of text Processor design tradeoffs RISC – organization – advantages – drawbacks Design for low power  Discussion – compare and contrast MU0 to microbaby 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model15

Future topics  The Acorn RISC – history of deployment, more details on company development and interaction with Apple, VLSI Technology. This led to Acorn RISC Machines, Ltd. which became ARM.  Architectural inheritenance from the Berkeley RISC I and II. Details of the Berkeley RISC and its history 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model16

Future topics  The ARM programmer’s model – what the programmer sees. (2 presentations) - This includes what is in the datapath and the structure of memory and I/O seen. Tools for assembler language programming.  It would be nice to have a “free” simulation tool for ARM about now. ARM Sim from the University of Victoria may be the one we use.  Free textbook is available online  Also, wikipedia is a great source for information. 9/20/6Lecture 2 - Prog Model17

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