from Latin & Greek Roots English Words from Latin & Greek Roots Why? Increase vocabulary, spelling, and reading comprehension Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Learning Objective CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.7.4b Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., belligerent, bellicose, rebel). “I can use Greek and Latin word roots to *determine the meaning of words.” *determine = figure out What are we going to do today? http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

A root is a set of letters that have meaning A root is a set of letters that have meaning. It is the most basic form of a word . Affixes are added to the root to create a new word. Example: The Latin root ject means “throw” So project can mean “to throw forward” A root can be at the front, middle or end of a word. Many words in the English language are based on Greek & Latin word roots. What is a word root? Concept http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

Shrinking personal vocabularies The average sixth grade student knows approximately 25,000 words. The average high school graduate knows approximately 50,000 words. This means that average students learn roughly 2,000-3,000 words a year (Graves, 2007). This translates to 8 words a day, 7 days a week, 52 weeks a year - including weekends and summers. Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Importance Knowing and using Greek and Latin word roots can help you figure out the meaning of words you don’t recognize. This will make you a better reader and writer. Why is it important to know how to use Greek and Latin word roots? Can anyone share a different reason? http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

Basic Terms root form: a word with no prefix or suffix added; may also be referred to as a base word inspector, thermal affix: meaningful part of a word attached before or after a root or base word to modify its meaning prefix: an affix which is placed before the stem of a word re-, un-, dis- suffix: an affix which is placed after the stem of a word -able, -ive, -ly derivation-a word formed from an existing word, root, or affix: electric, electricity Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Derivational Suffixes Derivational suffixes change the part of speech words ending with –tion are often nouns words ending with –ive are often adjectives words ending with –ish are often adjectives words ending with –ity are often nouns What about -ment, -ous, -ness? Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Parts of Words Prefixes: Suffixes: Un – undo ful - joyful Re – refill ness – kindness Prefixes are at the Suffixes are at the beginning of words. end of words. Pre means before. Fix means attach or repair. Therefore, prefix means attached before. Which word part is found at the end of words?

We know that words are broken into parts that help us figure out their meaning. Prefixes Suffixes Prefix Meaning Example re- back, again refill tri- three triplet un- not undo Suffix Meaning Example -ful Having careful -less Without, missing joyless -ly In the manner of hopefully APK http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w Tell your partner: An example of a prefix is ______ which means ______. How do word parts like prefixes and suffixes help us? _______

Prefixes: Meaning and Connotation Often Negative dis-, de- non- sub- in- un- mis- mal- anti, contra a- Somewhat Positive pro- co- bene- super- com- be- en-, em- ad- Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

English words can have all three parts: prefix + root + suffix ab + duct + ed away from + to lead/pull + verb: past tense abducted means ”pulled or lead away from” The general was abducted by a masked stranger. Roots can appear anywhere in the word. Word Meaning geology earth study / study of the earth telegraph distance writing / writing that travels far tricycle three wheels asocial not being companionable / not wanting to join others http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w Concept

prefix + root + suffix retrospective carnivore “one who eats meat” retro = backwards spect = look -ive = having quality of “quality of looking backward” History is a retrospective way of looking at life. carnivore carni = meat vor = eat -e = one who What does carnivore mean? How did you know? “one who eats meat” http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

The soldier had empathy for the prisoner. prefix + root enamor en = having amor = love What does enamor mean? “having love” Use the word enamor in a sentence. empathy em = having pathy = feeling So it means: “having feeling” The soldier had empathy for the prisoner. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

root + root pseudonym aqueduct pseudo = false aque = water nym = name “false name” Samuel Clemens wrote under the pseudonym “Mark Twain.” aqueduct aque = water duct = to lead/pull What is an aqueduct used for? How do you know that? http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

root + suffix biology We Do I Do astrology bio = life astro = stars -logy = study of So it means: “the study of life” I Do astrology astro = stars -logy = study of So it means: "the study of stars” http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w How did we know biology meant ‘the study of life’? Frame: “We knew that biology meant ‘the study of life’ because _______________________.” How did I determine the meaning of astrology? Frame: “We determined the meaning of astrology by ______________.”

A List of Greek and Latin Word Roots, Prefixes and Suffixes Meaning Prefix/Suffix duct to lead/pull micro small phobia fear of ab- away from tele distance spect look, see auto self a-, un-, -less not, without graph write, draw aque, aqua water rupt break em-. en-, -y, -ful having, marked by bio life astr, aster stars scope see, watch retro- backwards geo earth logy, ology study of pseudo false -ive, -ic having quality of rium house cycle wheel dynam power -al result of trans across nym, nom name ject throw -able, -ible ability pathy feeling for amor love pro forward -oid resembling, like cent, centi hundred derm, derma skin vor eat greedily -or, -er, -e one who carn meat chron time soci joining in, being together ex- out of omni all, every meter measure ped, pod foot, footed bi- two struc, struct build cent con, com together, with tri- three hydro -ly in the manner of http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

Skill Steps Highlight the word root (or roots). What does the word root mean? Look at the remainder of the word: What does the prefix mean? What does the suffix mean? Use the word root table to determine the meaning. Skill http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

Look Inside—Look Outside pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis Look inside the word for known word parts: prefixes, roots or combining forms, suffixes. Use the analogy strategy—“I don’t know this word, but I know pneumonia and I know volcano, so by analogy, this word might have something to do with lungs and heat.” Look outside the word at context clues, visuals The coal miners, coughing and wheezing, suffered from pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis. Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Developing content-specific, academic vocabulary depends on a basic understanding of Greek and Latin root words. Sixty percent of the words in English texts are of Latin and Greek origin Bear et al., 1996; Henry, 1997 Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Content-Specific Greek Terms Anatomy and Medical Terms esophagus, thyroid, diagnosis, psoriasis, dyslexia Studies and Sciences biology, seismology, morphology, geochronometry Animals and Plants arachnid, amphibian, chlorophyll, dinosaur, nectar Theatre and the Arts charisma, drama, chorus, muse, symphony, acoustics Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Counting in Greek and Latin mono uni di bi du, duo tri tetra quadri penta hexa sept oct nove deca deci cent milli poly multi semi hemi Susan Ebbers 2005 teacherweb.com/MN/OltmanJuniorHigh/MsUphus/Word-Originspam.ppt

Learning Objective CCSS.ELA-Literacy.L.7.4b Use common, grade-appropriate Greek or Latin affixes and roots as clues to the meaning of a word (e.g., belligerent, bellicose, rebel). “I can use Greek and Latin word roots to *determine the meaning of words.” *determine = figure out What are we going to do today? http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w

Closure What does portable mean? What do we call the most basic form of a word that has meaning? What does portable mean? Why do you think knowing and using Greek and Latin word roots is important? Exit Slip http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CDIQFjAB&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madera.k12.ca.us%2Fcms%2Flib04%2FCA01001210%2FCentricity%2FDomain%2F22%2F5th_R_14_Greek_Latin_Roots.ppt&ei=0sYsUtXzOrHuiQLRqIH4Cg&usg=AFQjCNE7Fk0kSu-FI-59hX6by-Jh4NbK4w