Christoph U. Germeier, Zofia Bulinska-Radomska, Lena Dimberg, Matthias H. Herrmann, Jean Koenig, Gerard Branlard, Danela Murariu, Ivana Polisenska, Rita Redaelli, Valeria Terzi Avena Genetic Resources for Quality in Human Consumption (AVEQ)

 Project Partners Owies, Kraków 2009 AVEQ - Outline  Objectives  Work plan  Fusarium pathogens and mycotoxins in oats  Introduction

A European Project on Nutritional Quality in Avena Genetic Resources Owies, Kraków 2009 AVEQ - Introduction Targeted action in accordance with the Council regulation (EC) N o 870/2004 establishing a Community programme on the conservation, characterisation, collection and utilisation of genetic resources in agriculture Starting date: End date: Duration: 48 months

Owies, Kraków 2009 AVEQ - Objectives Evaluation, characterisation and documentation of selected oat genetic resources with regard to:  Contents of protein, fat, minerals, starch, ß- glucan and antioxidants  Resistance to Fusarium infection and mycotoxin contamination  Cold tolerance  Grain weight, hull content and test weight

Owies, Kraków 2009 AVEQ:15 Partners from 9 countries Co-ordinator P0:Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants - Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Quedlinburg, Germany Project leader – Dr. Christoph U. Germeier P1: Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR), National Plant Genetic Resources Centre Radzików, Poland P2: Svalöf Weibull AB Cereal Breeding Department, Svalöf, Sweden P3: Julius Kuehn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants - Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Groß Lüsewitz, Germany P4: Eurofins Analytik GmbH, Hamburg, Germany

Owies, Kraków 2009 AVEQ - Partners P 9: Vegetal Genetic Resources Bank of Suceava, Suceava, Romania P8: CRA-GPG, ex Istituto Sperimentale per la Cerealicoltura, Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Italy P5: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR Amélioration et Santé des Plantes, Clermont-Ferrand, France P6: CRA-MAC, ex Istituto Sperimentale Cerealicoltura, Bergamo, Italy P7: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science, Uppsala, Sweden

Owies, Kraków 2009 AVEQ - Partners P11:Jõgeva Plant Breeding Institute, Jögeva, Estonia P10: Institute of Plant Genetic Resources “K. Malkov”, Sadovo, Bulgaria P12:Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute - Laboratory of Nutritional Evaluation of Plant Materials, Radzików, Poland P14: Agricultural Research Institute Kromeriz, Ltd., Czech Republic P15: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kromeriz, Czech Republic

Owies, Kraków 2009 AVEQ - Materials Working collection of 600 accessions of Avena genetic resources of different improvement status :  accessions of wild species  selected land races  modern cultivars

Owies, Kraków 2009 Methods – Workpackages (WP)  WP 1: Management and Coordination - Julius Kuehn Institute, Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Quedlinburg, Germany, Christoph U. Germeier (P0)  WP 2: Project working collection - IHAR, Poland, Zofia Bulinska-Radomska (P1); P0, P5, P6, P8, P9, P10 Plan: 80% cultivated material landraces, 200 obsolete cultivars, 100 modern cultivars 20% wild Avena species (100 accessions).

WP 2: Project working collection Species A. sativa A. byzantina816 A. strigosa1531 A. abyssinica23 A. barbata31 A. canariensis-1 A. damascena2- A. fatua79 A. hirtula13 A. hybrida1- A. sterilis23 A. wiestii Wild species not obtained A. agadiriana7 A. atlantica10 A. insularis1 A. longiglumis16 A. macrostachya2 A. murphyi16 A. occidentalis13 A. pilosa9 A. prostrata13 A. vaviloviana12 A. ventricosa8

11 WP 2: Origin of the Project Working Collection

Owies, Kraków 2009 Methods - Workpackages WP 3: Field experiments and sampling seeds for quality analysis - Vegetal Genetic Resources Bank of Suceava, Romania, Danela Murariu (P9); P1, P2, P5, P8, P10, P11  Field experiments laid out as augmented block designs  Plot size from 2.0m 2 to 3.0m 2  establishing plots, taking observations in the field and on harvested material - descriptors

13 IHAR SVGB IPGR INRA SW CRA-ISC PBI Descriptors observed in field experiments -Days to heading -Days to maturity -Plant height - Lodging - Panicle shape - Occurrence of diseases - Colour of lemma - Hull content - Yield - Thousand kernel weight - Test weight Obligatory:Optional: -Emergence -Number of fertile tillers -Number of seeds per panicle Owies, Kraków 2009

Methods – Workpackages WP 4: Field experiments with artificial Fusarium inoculation - Julius Kuehn Institute, Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Groß Lüsewitz, Germany, Matthias H. Herrmann (P3); P8 (Italy), P9 (Romania), P14 (Czech Republic)  Field trials, inoculation with Fusarium at 3 locations, in Italy natural infection  Observations in the field and on harvested material  Samples for mycotoxin analysis

Owies, Kraków 2009 Methods – Workpackages WP 5: Fusarium and mycotoxin analysis - Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kromeriz, Czech Republic, Ivana Polisenska (P15); P4, P6, P8  analysis of mycotoxin content (DON, T-2, HT-2): ELISA, LC-MS/MS  determination of Fusarium species: PCR

Owies, Kraków 2009 Fusarium on oats – basic facts  the symptoms of the infection on panicles in the field are only rarely observable (Gilbert and Tekauz, 2000)  newly described species F. langsethiae (Torp and Adler, 2004; Torp and Nirenberg, 2004) is quite often present on oats - no symptoms, T-2 and HT-2 production  Parrika et al. (2006) - in Finland: F. langsethiae, F. poae, F. culmorum, F. graminearum, F. avenaceum  Imathiu et al. (2006) - in GB: mainly F. langsethiae on oats  Kiecana and Perkowski; Kiecana and Mielniczuk (2001) – in Poland: F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. poae, F. sporotrichioides and F. crookwellense

Owies, Kraków 2009  AVEQ = Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption Why DON, T-2 and HT-2 in AVEQ? DON ZEA (ppb) (ppb) unprocessed cereals other than durum wheat, oats and maize unprocessed durum wheat and oats  DON and ZEA have the same producer – F.graminearum and F.culmorum

Owies, Kraków 2009 Why DON, T-2 and HT-2 in AVEQ?  T-2 and HT-2 are mentioned, but without limits - till now (31) …… the presence of T-2 and HT-2 toxin can be of concern for public health. Therefore, the development of a reliable and sensitive method, collection of more occurrence data and more investigations/research in the factors involved in the presence of T-2 and HT-2 toxin in cereals and cereal products, in particular in oats and oat products, is necessary and of high priority.

Owies, Kraków 2009 Fusarium and mycotoxins in AVEQ  Field trials, inoculation with F.culmorum, F.graminearum, F.sporotrichioides, F.langesethiae and F.avenaceum on 3 locations, in Italy natural infection  Observations in the field and on harvested material  Mycotoxin analysis – analytical problems: (ELISA vs. LC- MS/MS) – comparison study  Harmonisation of laboratories

inoculatednon -inoculated Owies, Kraków 2009 ELISA vs. LC-MS/MS, DON AVEQ standard cultivars

Owies, Kraków 2009 ELISA vs. LC-MS/MS, T-2 inoculatednon -inoculated AVEQ standard cultivars

Owies, Kraków 2009 Fusarium spp. on oat cv. Belinda

Owies, Kraków 2009  Analysis for protein (including Avenin patterns), fat and minerals Analytical WP:  Analysis for starch, fibre and ß- Glucan  Analysis for avenanthramides and tocols WP 9: Analysis for cold and drought tolerance - Italy, Romania

Owies, Kraków 2009 WP 10: Project documentation and Internet portal - Julius Kuehn Institute, Institute for Breeding Research on Agricultural Crops, Quedlinburg, Germany, Christoph U. Germeier (P0) All results will be made available online in a crop portal for Avena based on the European Avena Database (EADB).

Owies, Kraków 2009 Thank you for your attention Acknowledgements  Peter Koelln KGaA, Elmshorn, Germany  Emco Ltd., Praha, Czech Republic  Gemeinschaft zur Förderung der privaten deutschen Pflanzenzüchtung e.V. (GFP), Bonn, Germany  European Commission, DG AGRI council regulation 870/2004.