1. Workpackage 02 Germination testing Christoph Germeier, Zofia Bulinska – Radomska, Izabela Borowska, Audrey Didier

2. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination methodology check test Germination test results 2008 Germination test results 2009 Germination methodology Germination and Fusarium counting methodology germination test: how many accessions are being tested, when the tests have been started, how long do they all take?

3. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination methodology General outline of germination tests according to ISTA methodology: Between paper in climate chamber, Continuous light 20°C, 4 replications (recommended 8) a 50 seeds Breaking dormancy with gibberellic acid: GA3 (1000 mg/l) in phosphate buffer (1.7799 g Na2HPO4 x 2 H20 + 1.3799 g NaH2PO4 x H2O + 1 l aqua dest.) Count after 5 and 10 days Variants used in the project FRA 2007 / 2008: Round filter paper (diameter: 90mm) are moistened with gibberellin solution and placed in the petri plate then seeds are laid down onto the filter paper. A second moistened round filter paper is disposed on the top. POL 2007 / 2008: Filter paper envelopes (CHEMPUR, 65g/m2, 12,5x18,5 cm) are moistened with gibberellin solution. Seeds are placed into the envelope, incubated at 20 0 C with continuous light.

4. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination methodology: Radzików

5. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Mold Germination methodology: Radzików Normal germ

6. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination methodology: Radzików Normal germ Fusarium

7. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg DEU 2007 / 2008: Filter paper towels (e.g. Munktell C160, 15x60cm2) are pre-folded and moistened with gibberellin solution. Seeds are placed onto the fold, the towel then folded, rolled, stabilized in a plastic bag and incubated at 20 0 C with continuous light. 2007: climate cabinet side of plastic bag open 2008: climate chamber top of plastic bag open

8. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination methodology: Quedlinburg Set up of germination tests in climate chamber (2008)

9. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination and Fusarium counting methodology: Quedlinburg A) Abnormal germ and Molds

10. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination and Fusarium counting methodology: Quedlinburg B) Fusarium more or less thick mycelium, reddish color, plants affected or not germinated

11. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination and Fusarium counting methodology: Quedlinburg B) Fusarium more or less mycelium, reddish colour, plants not affected

12. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination and Fusarium counting methodology: Quedlinburg B) Fusarium mainly reddish color, mycelium, symptoms not detectable

13. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination methodology check test (wild species) AccessionFRAPOL DEU bag closed DEU side open DEU top open A. barbata ssp. barbata PRT1984DEU146AVE 8507589,5698078 A. clauda BGR001A2E00035250,556265 A. damascena POL003PL5234532,597,560,594,5 A. fatua AUT1986DEU146AVE 267147,579,565,583,582 A. fatua ssp. fatua ROMDEU146AVE 28046381,536,58881,5 A. sterilis ssp. ludoviciana ALB1994DEU146AVE 306677,571,52086

14. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg AccessionFRAPOLDEU bag closed DEU side open DEU top open A. abyssinica 1939BGR001BGR 81332554,5253544 A. abyssinica cult. Finca- san-jose ESPDEU146AVE 471178 60,58082 A. strigosa var. nigra BEL1998RUS00120011467825,587,561,574 A. s trigosa v ar. t ypica Local NOR1978RUS00120011256273,580177977 A. s trigosa s sp. b revis v ar. nudibrevis ESP1989POL003PL5127760,58864,584 A. strigosa ssp. brevis var. nudibrevis cult. S aia DEU1959DEU146AVE 43613,5782467,580,5 Germination methodology check test (marginally cultivated species)

15. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination methodology check test AccessionFRAPOLDEU bag closed DEU side open DEU top open A. byzantina ssp. byzantina cult. Z utna kisa HRV1996DEU146AVE 309529,5761177,5 A. byzantina ssp. byzantina var. aurea AUTDEU146AVE 2741457349,576,581 A. sativa var. nigra c ult. S tormogul Ii SWE1918SWE002NGB48668295,56992,5 A. sativa ssp. nudisativa var. chinensis c ult. P latek POL1974POL003PL5073142,586,528,588,5 A. sativa ssp. nudisativa var. chinensis Cult. Weißer Nackter Fahnen DEUDEU146AVE 67431703565,577,5 Standard cultivars from breeder A. sativa Cult. Aintree FRA1992FRA261AINTREE65,599,58598 A. sativa Cult. SW Argyle GBRSWE006SW Argyle7894,57994,5 A. sativa Cult. Zuton GBRGBR016Zuton8785,559,580,586 Germination methodology check test (cultivated oat)

16. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination tests total summary Year Lab Tests/ Days Total Accessions Avg Accessions per test (day) Germinability Infestation Fusarium 2008DEU1638524,154,957,23,1 FRA1037437,450,20,11,9 POL821126,481,113,86,7 2009DEU1044944,968,8453,1 FRA730042,958,500 POL1616320320202080,814,56,3

17. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination results species wise – wild species DEUFRAPOL SpeciesYear N Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max A. barbata 2007368 79 901 57 0 2008369 82 96243 50 580 A. brevis 2008274 284 0 A. canariensis 20071 46 00 20081 80 1 42 0 A. clauda 20071 65 00 A. damascena 200701 46 2100 A. fatua 2007849 74 8899 56 760 20081155 71 88721 49 730 A. hirtula 20071 59 00 2008370 83 9200 A. hybrida 20071 74 1 83 0 A. sterilis 2007456 74 8600 A. sterilis 2008418 64 8831 31 620 A. wiestii 20071 63 00

18. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination results species wise DEUFRAPOL SpeciesYear N Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max Marginally cultivated species A. abyssinica 2007340 59 82330 49 820 A.abyssinica 2008550 61 74332 39 52 278 8383 88 A. strigosa 200721 51 802120 62 88550 80 92 A. strigosa 20083949 69 903234 62 902929 07 97 Cultivated oats A. byzantina 20071637 60 811614 48 82662 75 84 A. byzantina 20082550 63 822216 55 822424 7171 85 96 A. sativa 200726110 57 902572 49 971736 80 100 A. sativa 200829528 67 922630 56 98 2 63 0 8080 100

19. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Fusarium [%] results species wise – wild species DEUFRAPOL SpeciesYear N Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max A. barbata 200730,5 3,5 6,51 2,04 0 200831,5 3 5,52 0 00 A. brevis 200820,5 0,75 12 0 00 A. canariensis 200712 2 200 200812 2 21 0 00 A. clauda 200713 3 300 A. damascena 2007013,5 0,54 23,5 4 4,5 A. fatua 200780,5 2,5 69 0,06 0,50 2008110,5 2,41 47 0 00 A. hirtula 200710,5 00 200830 0,83 200 A. hybrida 200710,5 1 0 00 A. sterilis 200740,5 2,62 600 A. sterilis 200841 2,62 63 0 00 A. wiestii 200711 1 100

20. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Fusarium results [%] species wise – cultivated species DEUFRAPOL SpeciesYearN Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max N Min Avg Max Marginally cultivated species A. abyssinica 200733,5 4,17 53 2,33 6,50 A. abyssinica 200850,5 2,7 6,531 0 0 2 1 4,25 7,5 A. strigosa 2007210,5 2,36 6210,5 0,62 4,5350,5 7,8 17,5 A. strigosa 2008390,5 2,32 5,5320 0 02929 0 2,1 7 8 Cultivated oats A. byzantina 2007161 3,47 6,5163 1,78 663 9,17 15,5 A. byzantina 2008251 3,88 8220,5 0 02424 6, 9 18 A. sativa 20072610 3,39 112571 2,49 20,591731 7,5 28 A. sativa 20082950 3,7 132630 0 0 0 6, 8 26

21. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination check results compared with germination test 2007/2008 SpeciesAccession Germinability (2007/2008) FRA Check POL Check DEU Check Side open DEU Check Top open barbata DEU146AVE 850 74,5 (DEU) 7589,5 80 78 clauda BGR001A2E0003 19 (DEU) 5250,5 62 65 damascena POL003PL52345 100 (POL) 32,5 97,5 94,5 fatua DEU146AVE 2671 80 (DEU) 47,579,5 83,5 82 fatua DEU146AVE 2804 52 (DEU) 6381,5 88 81,5 sterilis DEU146AVE 3066 69,5 (DEU) 77,571,586

22. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Germination check results compared with germination test 2007/2008 SpeciesAccession Germinability (2007/2008) FRA Check POL Check DEU Check Side open DEU Check Top open Marginally cultivated species abyssinica BGR001BGR 8133 48 (DEU) 2554,5 35 44 abyssinica DEU146AVE 4711 57 (DEU) 78 80 82 strigosa RUS001200112562 13 (DEU) 73,580 79 77 strigosa POL003PL51277 84 (POL) 60,5 88 84 strigosa DEU146AVE 436 24 (DEU) 13,578 67,5 80,5 Cultivated oats byzantina DEU146AVE 3095 84 (POL) 29,5 76 77,5 byzantina DEU146AVE 2741 28 (DEU) 4573 76,5 81 sativa SWE002NGB4866 98 (POL) 82 95,5 92,5 sativa POL003PL50731 91 (POL) 42,5 86,5 88,5 sativa DEU146AVE 674 29,5 (DEU) 3170 65,5 77,5

23. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Conclusion Main problem reducing germinability: Excess of water!

24. AGRI GENRES 061: Avena genetic resources for quality in human consumption (AVEQ), 02-04 March, 2009, Quedlinburg Thanks for your attention