Class Slides Set 16B Brains. The brains... apes and humans have large heads and brains (relative to body size)

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Presentation transcript:

Class Slides Set 16B Brains

The brains... apes and humans have large heads and brains (relative to body size)

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 389 Human and Ape Brains

The brains... the large brains of apes and humans are also more developed than those of other animals...

size... complexity... the ratio of brain weight to overall body weight... The brains develop in...

size... complexity... the ratio of brain weight to overall body weight... The brains develop in...

Cranial Capacity… Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 207

Cranial Capacity… Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 207

Cranial Capacity… Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 207

size... complexity... the ratio of brain weight to overall body weight... The brains develop in...

Lateral view of the brain. The illustration shows the increase in the cerebral cortex of the brain. The cerebral cortex integrates sensory information and selects responses. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 107

The brains... humans have highly developed frontal and occipital regions of the brain...

The brains... occipital region = curved back and base of the skull

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 390 Gracile Australopithecus / Homo Lineage Brain

The brains... cerebrum = large rounded structure of the brain largest part of the brain comprises ca. 85% of the brain’s total weight

Lateral view of the brain. The illustration shows the increase in the cerebral cortex of the brain. The cerebral cortex integrates sensory information and selects responses. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 107

The brains... The cerebral cortex (neocortex) increases in area

The brains... cerebral cortex = neocortex = thin layer of grey matter covering the cerebrum

The brains... in humans the cerebral cortex lies in folds or “convolutions” over the entire surface of the cerebral hemisphere

The brains... prehistorically the convoluted cerebral cortex can often be seen in “endocasts”

The brains... endocasts = fossilized casts of the interior of a skull

The brains... humans also have well-developed “association” areas...

The brains... association areas are thought to be involved in learning, memory, thinking, and bringing together information form the various senses

The brains... association areas = regions of the cerebral hemispheres thought to serve some integrative function...

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 389 Human Brain

size... complexity... the ratio of brain weight to overall body weight... (“brain weight / body weight ratio”) The brains develop in...

Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 386 Brain Weight – Body Weight Ratios

Next: Teeth / Jaw Diet Continue on to Set # 16CSet # 16C