Water Snakes in Lake Erie Water snakes (Nerodia sipedon) in Lake Erie come in two color phases: banded and unbanded This is a two allele system Banded dominant to unbanded The mainland has really only banded The islands may have both King & Lawson, 1995
Lake Erie water snakes It was found that, when basking on islands, the unbanded snakes are more cryptic and thus remain hidden better. Why wouldn’t selection cause the unbanded pattern to go to fixation? Migration. Every year, banded snakes migrate from the mainland and introduce fresh banded alleles Therefore, migration offsets selection
Genetic Drift
Founder Effect small founding populations have less allelic diversity Clegg, et al, 2002 Silvereye ( Zosterops lateralis )
Silvereye colonization Clegg, et al, 2002
Founder Effect on Allelic Diversity of the Silvereye
Alleles Randomly Fixed
Average Heterogosity Decreases
Alleles Randomly fixed in the field Collared Lizard (Crotaphytus collaris) Templeton, et al, 2002
Multilocus Genotyping of Collared Lizards in the Ozarks
Randomly Fixed Alleles in Isolated Collared Lizard Populations
The Vertebrate Mitochondrial Genetic Code
Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) Gene Alignment in Drosophilia
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