1. GENE POOL
All the genes of all members of a particular population

2. MUTATION
A change in a sequence of DNA

3. GENE SHUFFLING Introduces new gene combinations into a population by
making sex cells through Meiosis

4. A SINGLE GENE TRAIT A trait with 2 alleles (forms of genes)
that has 2 possible phenotypes 

5. POLYGENIC TRAIT A trait with more than 2 alleles (forms of genes)
that has MANY possible phenotypes 

6. DIRECTIONAL SELECTION
When individuals at only one end of a bell curve of
phenotype frequencies have high fitness

7. STABILIZING SELECTION
When individuals with an average form of
a trait have the highest fitness

8. DISRUPTIVE SELECTION When individuals at the upper and lower ends
of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle

9. GENETIC DRIFT In small populations, an allele can become
more or less common just by chance.

10. FOUNDER EFFECT The type of genetic drift that follows the colonization
of a new habitat by a small group of individuals

11. GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM The situation in which allele frequencies
of a population remain constant