PETER THE GREAT

THE TROUBLED RISE TO POWER  Tsar Alexei died in 1676  Son Feodor succeeds him  But dies in 1682 with no heir  Rival families, NARYSHKINS & MILOSLAVSKIIS contend for power  10-year old Peter made Tsar  Mother Natalia Naryshkina = regent

PETER THE GREAT THE TROUBLED RISE TO POWER  Miloslavskiis, led by Alexei’s daughter SOPHIA, start Streltsy rebellion  Make Ivan “senior tsar,” Peter “junior tsar”  Sophia made regent

PETER THE GREAT THE TROUBLED RISE TO POWER  Reign of Sophia (r )  Very strong, politically astute  Closest advisor = Vasilii Golitsyn  Could not maintain popular support  Defeated by Peter in 1689

PETER THE GREAT PETER I (r )  Peter’s background  Hated Streltsy, Moscow  Loved all things military  Big partier  Fascinated by West

PETER THE GREAT PETER I (r )  Determined to transform “backward” Russia  Westernization  Secularization  Modernization

ST. PETERSBURG

PETERHOF

PETER THE GREAT PETRINE REFORM  Economic Change  Early industrialization  State ran show = Mercantilism  Military needs determined economic policies  Coercion was large part of reform  All production for benefit of state

PETER THE GREAT PETRINE REFORM  Political Reform  State = most important part of society Everyone’s role = serve state  Changed entire structure of administration created large bureaucracy organized govt. into COLLEGES

PETER THE GREAT PETRINE REFORM  Church Reform  Created Most Holy Governing Synod to administer Church  Church = state institution & champion of autocracy  Intensified struggle against schismatics (Old Believers)

PETER THE GREAT PETRINE REFORM  Social Changes  Table of Ranks (1722)  Sweeping social change boyars & gentry merged new order = state peasants  eliminated church peasants  abolished slavery  Levied SOUL TAX

PETER THE GREAT PETRINE REFORM  Methods of control  Extensive police system  Internal PASSPORT system  Used confessional to spy

PETER THE GREAT PETRINE REFORM  Educational Reform  Required all noble boys to be educated  Reorganized education system  Established universities, Academy of Science, national libraries & museums