2. Good Morning QOD: Why do you feel absolutism worked under the reign of Louis XIV? Why successful? Goal: Identify how Peter the Great modernized and expanded Russian control in Central Monday- DEBATE LOUIS XIV Next week- you will have your FIRST TAKE HOME DBQ…..details to follow

3. Early Russia

4. Early Byzantine Influences: Orthodox Christianity

6. Early Byzantine Influences: Cyrillic Alphabet

7. Russian Boyars

8. Themes in Russian History  Expansion by conquest.  Need for warm-water ports.  The necessity of a strong, central government.

9. Ivan the Great (r. 1462-1505) Ivan III Tearing the Great Khan’s Letter Requesting More Tribute in 1480.

10. Michael Romanov (r. 1613-1645)

11. Romanov Dynasty (1613-1917) Romanov Family Crest

12. The Pendulum of Russian History Pro-West For Progress & Change Encourage New Ideas, Technologies, etc. Anti-West Isolationist Ultra-Conservative  Most Tsars  Russian Orthodox Church  Military  Boyars  peasants  A few Tsars  Intellectual elites  Merchants/businessmen  Young members of the middle class.

13. Peter the Great (r. 1682-1725)

14. Peter the Great Stood at 6’ 8’’ Ruled for 12 years with his brother who was mentally retarded First wife- he found her hideous, and ended their marriage, putting her in a monastery for life Second wife, Catherine I- had 11 kids!? Younger years- Peter was a jokester –Told dirty jokes –Offended people at times Ruthless- known for having “beard cutting” ceremonies, even ripped beards out of men’s chins. Gave men a “beard tax” Had his own son, Alexei, executed for liberal ideas Loved fashion!!! Everything “westernized”

15. Peter’s Reign- additional info Ch. 15 pages 461-463 Achievements: –Westernizing Russia Styles, clothes, ideas Universities –Powerful NAVY –St. Petersburg- new capital of Russia Built Imperial Palace(modeled after Versailles) –Expanded Russian territory –Trade- warm water ports needed and he got them!

16. Control Ruthless! –Executed those against him including his son Alexei! –Beard Tax Taxed the Boyars (nobles for their long beards) Ripped them out of men’s chins if they did not pay taxes/remove them –Taxation on peasants –Forced peasants and serfs into army –Crushed Streltsy rebellion (military)

17. Government views and decisions Created a Senate –Supervised when he was away in W.E. Russia divided into provinces with officials in charge –His way or else still!

18. WAR Sweden!! –Smashed the Swedes and gained control of the Baltic –8,000 Swedes vs Russia’s 40,000 men

19. Russia & Sweden After the Great Northern War