Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196 Miocene Hominoids Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 103
Miocene Hominoids
General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans 3. True apes that brachiated probably originated in the Early Miocene ca. 20 – 17 mya
General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans “Only after the evolution of arboreal suspension . . . would the modern meaning of the term ape have been applicable.” Campbell-Loy, p. 195
“Times to Remember” WebPage
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196
General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans flourished in the later part of the Miocene ca. 15 – 5 mya
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 103
General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans Well represented in the fossil record by such forms as: Sivapithecus . . . Ramapithecus Kenyapithecus Ouranopithecus Dryopithecus Proconsul Oreopithecus Gigantopithecus
General Features / Trends of Apes / Humans Rudapithecus Pasalar Nyanzapithecus Afropithecus Turkanopithecus Rangwapithecus and others
Miocene hominoid distribution, from fossils thus far discovered Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 197
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196
Proconsul africanus (from early Miocene) Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 197
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 188
Proconsul
Proconsul
Proconsul
Proconsul
Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185
Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42
Oreopithecus (Miocene Ape) Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 187
Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus
Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 41
Primates des Faluns de Touraine
Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus Dryopithecus
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185
Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42
Prehistoric Primates “Dryopithecus – Y” “Y – 5”
“Y-5” and “+-4” patterns
“Y-5” patterns
Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus Dryopithecus Sivapithecus
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 196
Prehistoric Primates Species Genus Sivapithecus Ramapithecus Kenyapithecus Ouranopithecus
“Times to Remember” WebPage
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 198 Modern chimpanzee Sivapithecus Orangutan ca. 8 mya Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 198
Sivapithecus
Sivapithecus
Prehistoric Primates Species Genus Sivapithecus ramapithecus
Early Man, Time-Life (1973), p. 42
Ramapithecines
Prehistoric Cultures Diet classifications: insectivorous (insects) herbivorous (plants) frugivorous (fruits) graminivorous (grasses) carnivorous (chiefly meats) omnivorous (all of the above)
Prehistoric Hominoidea Miocene hominoids: Proconsul (Miocene “dental ape”) Oreopithecus Pliopithecus Dryopithecus Sivapithecus Gigantopithecus
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 185
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 188
Pongids: ”The Great Apes” Next: The Great Apes Pongids: ”The Great Apes” Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123