2. Apes Understanding Humans 10 th Ed., p. 140 Prehistoric Cultures Tim Roufs’ section ©2009-2012

3. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcprim.html#Apes

5. Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 101 Classification chart (after Linnaeus)

6. A Primate Family Tree The Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64

7. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Apes

8. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Hylobates "lesser apes"

9. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Pongids: ”The Great Apes”

10. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Orangutan

11. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Gorilla

12. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Chimpanzee

13. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Hominids

14. Hominoidea Hylobates gibbon Family Pongids (“great apes”) Hominids orangutan chimpanzee gorilla Genus / Species

15. Hominoidea Hylobates gibbon Pongids (“great apes”) Hominids Family Genus / Species

16. Geographical distribution of modern Asian apes p. 138 Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129

17. Old World Monkey: Gibbon The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 75 p. 138

18. Old World Monkey: Gibbon The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 74 p. 138

19. White-handed gibbon Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 138 p. 138

20. Hominoidea Hylobates gibbon Genus / Species Pongids (“great apes”) Hominids orangutan chimpanzee gorilla Family

21. Pongids (Great Apes) orangutan (Pongo) chimpanzee (Pan) gorilla (Gorilla)

22. Geographical distribution of modern African and Asian apes Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., pp. 138-139 p. 138 p. 139

23. Geographical distribution of modern African and Asian apes Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., pp. 138-139 p. 138 p. 139

24. Geographical distribution of modern African and Asian apes Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., pp. 138-139 p. 138 p. 139

25. Pongids (Great Apes) orangutan (Pongo)

26. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Orangutan

27. Geographical distribution of modern Asian apes Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., pp. 138

28. The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 81 Great Ape: Bearded Male Orangutan – “The Man of the Forest” p. 138

29. Orangutan (female) p. 138 Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., pp. 139

30. Orangutan (male) p. 138

31. Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 161 Orangutan p. 138

32. Great Ape: Orangutan The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 191 p. 138

36. Pongids (Great Apes) orangutan (Pongo) chimpanzee (Pan) gorilla (Gorilla)

37. http://www.careerbuilder.com/TV/

38. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Chimpanzee

39. Geographical distribution of modern African apes Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., pp. 139

40. Chimpanzee The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 71 p. 139

41. Chimpanzee (male) Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 141 p. 139

42. Chimpanzee (female) Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 141 p. 139

43. Female bonobos with young Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 143 p. 139

44. Chimpanzees grooming Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 151 p. 139

45. http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa003&articleID=000C1A68-BA52-11F6-BA5283414B7F0000

46. http://www.nature.com/news/2005/050124/full/050124-7.html

47. Pongids (Great Apes) chimpanzee sexual dimorphism –female body weight is 78% of male weight

48. http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth1602/pcgoodal.html#Jane_Goodall

49. http://www.newsobserver.com/689/story/1043421.htmlwww.newsobserver.com/689/story/1043421.html

50. www.msnbc.msn.com/id/24878149/

51. Pongids (Great Apes) orangutan (Pongo) chimpanzee (Pan) gorilla (Gorilla)

52. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Gorilla

53. Geographical distribution of modern African apes p. 132 Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 139

54. Western lowland gorilla (male) Gorilla gorilla gorilla p. 139 Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 140

55. Western lowland gorilla (female) Gorilla gorilla gorilla Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 140 p. 139

56. Mountain gorilla (male) Gorilla gorlla beringei Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 140 p. 139

57. Mountain gorilla (female) Gorilla gorlla beringei Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 140 p. 139

58. Pongids (Great Apes) gorillas have considerable sexual dimorphism –female body weight is half (51%) of male weight

62. news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/08/080805-gorillas-congo.html

63. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/09/080916-bush-meat.html?source=rss

65. Pongids (Great Apes) Time permitting, we’ll have a closer look at the Great Apes later (class slide Set # 14) Set # 14

66. Primate taxonomic classification Understanding Humans, 10 th ed., p. 129 Next: General Features and Major Evolutionary Trends of Apes and Humans

67. Good Housekeeping June 1968