WHAT IS PRESENTATION? A presentation is an activity to express your ideas, a point of you in public or to an audience, or persuade the audience to take a certain decision.

THE AIMS OF PRESENTATION All presentations are aimed at either providing information or doing persuasion.

It’s time to watch video….

Make comparison after watching video: PRESENTATION ONEPRESENTATION TWO 1. The presenter is not well-prepared.1. The performance / her appearance is nice, neat and well-prepared. 2. The performance or her appearance isn’t neat 2. The explanation is clear and well- organized. 3. The explanation is not clear for the audience 3. The interaction with the audience is good and communicative. 4. The communication/interaction with the audiences is bad The manner e.g; gesture, eye contact, behavior or a lack of politeness. 4. She can manage her visual aids successfully. She has good manner and politeness. 5. She cannot manage her visual aids well and look confused in giving feedback. 5. She gets good appreciation from the audiences because they feel enthusiastic with the presentation.

HOW TO ORGANIZE IDEAS Whenever you have determined a topic of presentation, you can organize the subtopics or your ideas in the following way. Having had an aim? If yes, structure your ideas and manage the time. Organizing ideas

1. Spider web (mind mapping) Instructional Media for young learners definitions functions Teaching items types by Ytreberg by Moon by Heineich vocabulary structure comprehension reinforcement internalization audio visual audio visual

2. TABLE Instructional Media for Young Learners DefinitionsFunctions TypesTeaching Items -Oxford Dictionary -Reference book on presentation Comprehension Reinforcement Internalization -Audio -Visual -Audio + visual -Vocabulary -Structure -Etc

HOW TO CONTROL OURSELVES 1. Body Language a.Eye contact b.Hands c.Facial Expression d.Posture and Movement 2. Gestures a.Descriptive gesture b.Emphatic gestures c.Counting gestures d.Attitude gestures 3. Fears 4. Nerves

Body Language Eye contact Hands

Body Language Facial Expression Posture & Movement

Gestures Descriptive gesture Emphatic gestures

Gestures Counting gestures Attitude gestures

Positive body language Eye contact to keep audiences' attention (Asian audience might feel aggressed.) Facial expressions should be natural and friendly. Don't forget to smile. · raise eyebrows to show surprise · open eyes wide · squint your eyes · knit your eyebrows to show consternation or puzzlement Posture – stand straight but relaxed (do not slouch or lean) Movement - to indicate a change of focus, keep the audience's attention · move forward to emphasize · move to one side to indicate a transition Gesture · up and down head motion or other movements to indicate importance · pen or pointer to indicate a part, a place (on a transparency). · shrug of the shoulders to indicate "I don't know!" · hands - back and forth = two possibilities, more or less · arm - movement back, forth

Negative body language loss of eye contact: looking at notes, looking at screen, at the board, at the floor don't stare, or look blankly into people's eyes. swaying back and forth like a pendulum back turned to the audience nervous ticks hands in pockets

Fears QUESTIONSANSWERS  Am I making a fool of myself ? Admit the mistake and make a joke, then carry on the presentation.  Is the presentation drying up? o Make use of notes which may help you find the place immediately. o Say the same thing in more than one way to clarify an idea.  Does it reach the audience’s expectations? Check the audience and plan a good presentation.

Nerves Make the audience less scary. Ask for a glass of water to relax the vocal cords. Rearrange the facilities / place you will use. Rehearse at home and in the actual venue. Take a deep breath before you start, and try to be relaxed. Check the facilities you will use, e.g. LCD, laptop, etc. Order the notes you will use. Don’t tap your fingers on the table or hold a pen and shake it gently.

HOW TO CONTROL AUDIENCES 1. Audience arrival 2. Visual aids 3. Your voice 4. Language

Audience arrival When your audience arrives, try to do the following things: 1.greet and meet them before the presentation start; 2.look for the audience needs; and 3.introduce the participant to each other.

Visual aids In a presentation the use of the visual aids is of great assistance because they can attract the audience’s attention and help the content be understood easily. There are rules to follow if the visual aids are to be used, namely, they should: 1.Content simple and short messages 2.Be written clearly 3.Be relevant to the purpose in the presentation 4.Show contrasted color 5.Be written in a big letter.

Your voice Another aspect you have to think of whenever you speak in front of an audience is how to control your voice. Use high volume to provide emphasis of a particular point. Make use of pauses, pitch, repetition, and variety of voice. Also clear voice is recommended.

Language The best language to be used is simple and short. Use jargons to a particular audience only. Make use of anecdotes and analogies for variation and attractiveness.