Leveraging Wireless Broadband Technologies within the Smart Grid Kevin F. R. Suitor VP, Corporate Marketing Redline Communications Inc. Telephone: (905) 948-2299 ksuitor@redlinecommunications.com Leveraging Wireless Broadband Technologies within the Smart Grid

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Agenda Introduction Situation Audit Business Challenge &Technology Challenges Wireless and WiMAX in the Smart Grid Applications Case Study: Hydro One Smart Zone Conclusion

Why are you at this conference? I love spending 5 hours in the middle seat travelling from the east coast eating stale peanuts … I love the vibe of LA, I’m ducking out of here in 30 minutes … I want to hear from industry experts … I want to better understand what’s happening with Smart Grids … I want to talk to my peers about what they are doing – or planning to do … I want to see what my competition is doing

Who Am I? 25+ year internetworking industry veteran Background in: Telecom; Enterprise Networking; Utilities; Municipal Networking; Military Comms; Transportation T1/E1, SONET, 3270, 5250, Arcnet, Token Ring, Ethernet, ATM, WiFi, WiMAX, BWA Test & Measurement, In-building networking, Metropolitan Area Networking, Wide Area Networking (Wireless, Fiber, Copper, Satellite) Where do my biases lie? I believe in the holy trinity of modern communications networks: Ethernet IP ‘NIX In networking … Use fiber where you can and finish the job with wireless WiMAX and BWI do have a place in the network architects toolbox

Business & Technology Challenges facing Energy Companies and Utilities Situation Audit Business & Technology Challenges facing Energy Companies and Utilities

Electric Utilities Smart Grid Smart Grid in ARRA 2009 Of the $43 billion appropriation set out for the energy sector in the U.S. stimulus package, roughly $4.5 billion is aimed at smart grid projects. That $4.5 billion is in the form of 50-percent matching grants for a series of regional demonstration projects, as well as regular smart grid investments. Gartner expects more than 150 million smart meters to be installed worldwide in the next five years, with approximately 50% installed in North America.

US Market for Smart Grid Technologies Report ID:EGY065A, Published: March 2009, Analyst: Andrew McWilliams

By 2014 there will be over 20 million vertical connections in WiMAX networks Source: © Senza Fili Consulting LLC

Moving Ahead with Smart Grid Deployments The smart grid infrastructure can also support a wide range of operational applications that increase staff productivity, service reliability and security, and, eventually, financial profitability. Smart grid applications give utilities the ability to remotely monitor assets, continuously and in real time, and, where needed, to control them remotely. Surveillance applications allow utilities to control and protect assets, and to secure the transmission and distribution infrastructure. Build out of smart grids worldwide is widely expected to be one of the most extensive infrastructure initiatives in scope and impact over the next decade. Smart metering will require all households to be connected. Over the next 10 years, power demand is expected to increase by roughly 19% while supply is only expected to increase around 6% Utilities can expect to recoup 50% to 90% of the cost of the smart meter infrastructure through reductions in operating costs and improved service. Wide deployment of smart meters associated with demand-response programs will reduce peak demand. Electric Power Research Institute expects demand-response program alone may result in a 7% reduction in peak demand by 2030 . The impact of the entire set of applications that smart grids enable will be considerably larger and it will continue to grow as new applications are developed and implemented.

Moving Ahead with Smart Grid Deployments In the last few years, energy and natural resources consumption and management have become hot topics. The utilities’ role is no longer confined to the provision of basic services to households and businesses Utilities have become—or are expected to become—leaders in introducing innovative technologies that reduce the consumption of energy and natural resources, and increase the efficiency of their generation and distribution. Smart grid applications are central to the utilities efforts to: Make resource use more efficient; Reduce energy consumption; Increase reliability and security; Bring down their operating costs Regulatory requirements, government guidelines, and the increased availability of public funding have converged to accelerate the adoption of smart grid solutions across the world. Improved performance and cost effectiveness of new information and telecommunications technologies make it possible for utilities to deploy smart grids. Smart grids vastly enhance the utilities’ ability to control and manage the provision of electricity, from transmission to distribution, as well as the utilities’ internal operations. Power distribution involves multiple suppliers and operators. Smart grid applications increase the level of integration and coordination among them; facilitate a more efficient, shared use of available resources; and improve the ability to monitor electrical transmission in real time

Utility Systems Impacted The Smart Grid strategy must effectively leverage existing functionalities from numerous enterprise systems including: Advanced Metering Infrastructures (AMI); Outage & Restoration Management System Meter Data Management Systems; Control Centre / Energy and Distribution Automation Management Systems; Loss Prevention / Theft Prevention Systems Mobile Workforce / Work Management Systems; Customer Information and Billing Systems; Geographic Information Systems (GIS); Maintenance and Inspection Plan Modeling Applications; Network and Load Analysis Systems; Material Management Systems; and Supply Chain Management Systems. Need generic reference architecture

Requirements for Utilities Source: © Senza Fili Consulting LLC

First Mile Technology Options Wireless Ethernet a safe choice for 1st mile applications Up to 1 Gbps over 1km; 100 Mbps over 8 – 10 km Obvious choice for self-build networks for non-incumbents If fiber is available – use it! “Virtually unlimited capacity and distances Cost does not scale with distance; highly variable in urban, suburban and rural deployments Copper possible in limited loop lengths Can achieve up to 500 Mbps over 500m Opportunity for copper and passive optical network configurations. Good option for incumbent operator with well maintained copper plant

What do Utilities Need? High throughput GIS‐based applications require transmission of large files. Low latency and advanced multimedia capabilities Protection & Control, M2M, SCADA & Monitoring, Mobile workforce QoS and advanced traffic management capabilities E.g. deep packet inspection, virtual networks Secure access to protect the utilities’ communications, and, by extension, the safety of their staff and customers. IP‐based connectivity to facilitate integration of applications with the core IT functions within the utility. No need for SIM cards Handoffs to support mobility access, mostly for in‐vehicle and mobile workforce applications. Cost Efficiency Keep network costs while capacity explodes – reduce $/Mb dramatically Easy Installation and Maintenance Scalability Support the multiple logical interfaces required for the co-existence of disparate networks throughout the migration times Utilizing already existing assets Reasonable upgrade costs Flexibility to adapt to actual traffic volumes Transport Quality (BER and QoS) Minimal impact on service quality Maximal efficiency and flexibility (Adaptive BW) Transport Reliability (availability) Reduce service outages Keep maintenance costs low Source: © Senza Fili Consulting LLC

WiMAX in the Smart Grid

Wireless Technologies Extend the Reach of the Smart Grid Telecommunications network at the core of the smart grid requires seamless integration of multiple wireline and wireless technologies to transport information between the utility operations center and the network components: Households and businesses; Vehicles; Staff; Distribution, Transmission, and generation facilities.  The smart grid has to support applications with multiple requirements Low traffic but extensive coverage needs for smart meters, versus Very tight latency (<20 msec) for remote control of facilities and assets, and more limited coverage requirements that rely on a wide range of devices from meters to remotely controlled video cameras with analytics software Smart Grids need to operate in all environments dense urban to the most remote rural areas

Wireless Technologies Extend the Reach of the Smart Grid Recommended Solutions to be considered: Fiber and wireless backhaul; Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) wireless networks; short-range wireless links; Power Line Communications (PLC), and; Broadband over Power Line (BPL) are all usually considered to support full smart grid functionality. Wireless connectivity is one of the essential technology components in the smart grid, expands coverage to locations where wireline connections are not available and would be too expensive to deploy May give utilities a higher degree of control over the infrastructure, which is required for mission-critical applications. Wireless technologies often provide higher capacity, more cost-effective solutions, and higher flexibility than wireline solutions.  Utilities must choose the appropriate technology mix to ensure that the smart grid supports both the applications initially deployed and those planned for the longer term. Flexible, scalable, future-proof, cost-effective solutions that provide advanced performance and high reliability are an absolute requirement for smart grid project success.

Benefits of a long range wireless meter reading technology … Reduction in operating costs Meters can be read remotely, requiring no truck rolls. Very significant savings can be met even if the city is using wireless drive-by meters, which can normally be readily converted to interface with a wireless infrastructure. More accurate measurement Very often meters are inaccessible during the planned manual reading process, located inside secure property or in areas that present significant hazards to the safety of meter-reading personnel (dogs, disgruntled or even dangerous customers). More frequent measurement Automated systems can easily take readings daily or even hourly. Improves long-term and short-term planning, allowing authorities to cope with fluctuating usage more easily. Additionally, this up-to-the-minute information provides for more accurate provisioning of services and billing cycles. Remote activation/de-activation of services Turning services on or off requires a truck roll. Enabling a utility to turn a service on or off remotely saves the utilities a great deal of money in labor costs while lowering risks to utility employees performing those tasks in dangerous situations.

Using WiMAX to Connect the Smart Grid

High-Level Mobile WiMAX Architecture Portal Policy Control Plane (per subscriber) SIP Voice Network HA Core Service Network (CSN) Central Business R4 R6 Residential Corporate Aggregation Network MPLS, Ethernet, IP WiFi Mesh Backhaul Mobile user Access Service Network (ASN)

Applications for Utilities

8 Ways Wireless Technologies Enable the Smart Grid? Provide voice and data connectivity to remote workers, their vehicles, and their handheld devices Reach households and businesses in remote areas that lack wireline connectivity Provide utilities with end-to-end ownership and control over their network Enable more extensive asset management (especially for mobile assets, such as service vehicles and trucks) Protect the network and enhance safety and security by remote asset monitoring Monitor equipment to prevent failures or to correct problems as they arise Roll out the network rapidly and with minimum reliance on telecoms carriers Deploy temporary mobile base stations during emergencies and disaster recovery efforts

Applications Supported by WiMAX in the Smart Grid Residential customers Business customers Generation and distribution Mobile assets and remote workforce Emergencies AMR (Automatic Meter ) / AMI (Automatic Meter Infrastructure) Real-time time-of- day pricing using Demand-Side Management (DSM) Home displays In-home energy conservation management Smart appliances Fault and outage detection and management Solar panels management Optional add-ons: Home security Broadband services AMR/AMI, industrial metering Remote surveillance and monitoring Remote load shifting Real-time time-of- day pricing using DSM Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) Distributed Control Systems (DCS) Asset tracking Remote control Energy Management Systems (EMSs) with grid optimization applications (self- healing, self- restoration) Fleet telematics and Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), with Location-Based Services (LBS) supported by Global Positioning System (GPS) Broadband connectivity to in- vehicle modules, laptops, and handheld devices to support and monitor the remote workforce. Applications include mobile dispatching, reporting, remote video or VoIP consultations, data sharing within the utility’s Virtual Private Network (VPN), and Geographic Information System (GIS) applications Broadband connectivity to affected area during disaster recovery or in response to faults. Cell On Wheels (COW) connects staff, vehicles, and, in some cases, selected customers Coordination of emergency response, data sharing, remote consultation with off-site staff, and communication and coordination with safety agencies

Case Study: BB for SmartZONE Hydro One Application Electric Utilities Smart Grid Case Study: BB for SmartZONE Hydro One Application

Hydro One’s AMI solution architecture is comprised of a two-way self-healing mesh radio network based on the global 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The solution provides the flexibility to accommodate cellular, broadband wireless, or fiber WAN backhaul capability. Somewhat unique to AMI deployments, the province has established a centralized Meter Data Management Repository (MDMR) to efficiently serve the needs of all local distribution companies across the province.

Smart Network Applications Distribution station and security monitoring; Mobile work dispatch and accomplishment reporting; Automated vehicle locate safety monitoring; Emergency management vehicle communications; Time-of-use rate pilot in combination with real-time energy monitors; Automated two-way communicating home thermostats; and In-home two-way real-time energy monitors. Follow on applications include: distribution system automation, outage management, theft detection, remote disconnect, and additional in-home energy management consumer tools

Advanced Metering Infrastructure Smart Meters/Advanced Metering Infrastructure Intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) can leverage on AMI’s communication backbone. Leverage AMI and ODS for outage and asset management Distribution Transformer Monitoring (DTM) Install load monitors at distribution transformers, communicate back to data collector through broadband access network; Enables the monitoring of transformer losses, theft of power, condition monitoring, etc.

Smart Zone Project Partners Responsible for new systems integration, field services, legacy systems management, integrated process design and operational services AMI vendor partner, is providing the 2.4 GHz RF mesh intelligent communications infrastructure, head-end software applications and 1.3 million smart meters to be installed by Hydro One GE Energy is supplying smart meters for Hydro One’s smart network project. WiMAX Technology Partner and broadband wireless Ethernet technologies for Hydro One

Conclusions

Why Use WiMAX in the Smart Grid? Versatility— support, in any environment, fixed, portable, and remote connectivity to a wide range of devices, from video cameras to handheld devices. Redline’s Base stations and SUs can be customized to operate in any licensed or license-exempt band from 450 MHz to 11 GHz, with any channelization up to 10 MHz, allowing utilities to benefit from RedMAX in any market in which they operate and leveraging any spectrum available to them. Carrier-grade performance and reliability— combine high throughput levels (up to 35 Mbps in a 7 MHz channel) with extremely low latency (below 15 msec) and jitter. Security — Data transmission security is provided by over-the-air encryption with the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES).

Why Use WiMAX in the Smart Grid? Applications support — enable full support for smart grid applications, including those that require Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), video (uplink and downlink), Virtual Private Network (VPN), and dynamic Quality of Service (QoS). Utilities can optimize the network to host multiple concurrent applications with different requirements to ensure that mission-critical and emergency communications have priority over other traffic, and to establish fine-grained policies for different applications and terminal devices. Standards-based approach— WiMAX is a standards-based approach to technologies that give electric utilities the flexibility to expand their network through time and according to their changing needs. With its adoption of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), WiMAX is the most advanced wireless broadband technology commercially available. Entirely based on IP to allow utilities to benefit from a flatter, less complex network core structure and to facilitate integration with the rest of the smart grid network. Range— Use Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology to extend the base station range. For PMP links, some base stations have a range of up to 12 miles (20 km) in Line Of Sight (LOS) conditions and of up to 2 miles (3 km) in non-LOS conditions. For a Point-To-Point (PTP) link in LOS, the range can extend to 28 miles (40 km).

Redline: the ideal BBW platform Technology Ingredients of Next Generation Broadband Wireless: OFDM / OFDMA MIMO, BF All IP Architecture Wide Channel Bandwidth New Spectrum Redline has core technology DNA and proven platform implementations of this DNA – AN-80i, RedMAX, RedMAX 4C Engineering team capable of development versus integration

From “Mastering the Hype Cycle” Source: Gartner Group

Q&A

Redline’s Product Suite Redline Management Suite (RMS) & Service Enablement Engine Wireless Infrastructure 3.3 – 3.8 / 4.9 – 5.85 GHz Fixed and Nomadic WiMAX 3.3 – 3.8 GHz PORTABLE & MOBILE SERVICES Mobile WiMAX 1.8 / 2.3 / 2.5 – 2.7 / 3.3 – 3.8 GHz BWI RedMAX™ RedMAX 4C™ AN-100U AN-100UX SU-O / SU-I SC-1000 AN-80i MAX+ AN-80i RRH SC-100e SU-PC 3 basic product families BWI products are focused on what we call the backhaul and premium access space Redline believes driving interoperability for access applications. This enables the best economics for the operator and end users This is why our access developments are standards based and are driving towards certified WIMAX systems for our fixed and mobile solutions. For premium access or base station, we believe that performance is the most important factor and not CPE costs. Thus our backhaul product line is based on 802.16 but with some proprietary extensions for enhanced performance. SU-I RPM REM SU-O

Redline’s Provides ‘Green’ Solutions Highest Output Power with Lowest Input Power SC-1000 with RRH uses less power per Active Radio than a 100W lightbulb yet covers up to 12 mile cell radius depending on topography and capacity limits AN-80i family of hardware is 802.3af compliant – draws less than 12W per system Metal enclosures and support brackets are made from Aluminum and Steel and can be easily recycled. The plastic materials used for enclosures are indentified for recycling. Form follows function and all materials are used as sparingly as possible. We only use RoHS compliant powder coat finishes. The powder coat process is controlled so that VOC’s (Volatile Organic Compounds) and particulates are not released into the atmosphere. All hardware is RoHS compliant. All packaging materials are recyclable and are not bonded to allow recycling.

Our Vertical Markets Carriers Government Military / HLS / MUSH LEC / CLEC / WISP Government Military / HLS / MUSH Energy SmartGrid / Oil & Gas Transportation Trains / ITS / Light Rail Carriers Military Increase in bandwidth hungry applications like video, internet browsing, and voice over IP strain backhaul infrastructure in Iraq and on domestic bases Need for scalable solutions to link satellite WAN connectivity at headquarters with remote companies Integrated communications to support Automatic Meter Reading (AMR), Advanced metering Infrastructure (AMI) and traditional Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA ) applications Wireless networks provide a cost-effective alternative to leased lines in rural areas while improving connectivity Electric Utilities Smart Grid Applications including remote maintenance, asset tracking, and on-board ticketing drive operational efficiencies improve traffic conditions and increase mobility Transportation / Rail / ITS Between what DSL/CABLE and Fiber can offer Unique Value proposition Little to no competition from Incumbent Overlay to DSL “white space” or competition to DSL .5 - 40 Mb/s service E-1/2/5/10, LAN extensions, TLS, Ethernet private line, Internet service VoIP, BoD, wireless backup, Video Target is Residential, SMB & B2B Offering targeted where the incumbent has an offering gap Mid-Sized Cities and Rural areas Application Primary connection at aggressive price Service Switch and increase from Incumbent offering Additional throughput or secondary link for inexpensive backup Efficient delivery of traffic video monitoring and security; video arraignments; ambulance, police and fire departments Homeland Security & Public Safety Increased demand for video surveillance, real time geophysical data, remote monitoring and control, voice connectivity and portability in remote, environmentally challenging areas Applications including data gathering, video surveillance, and campus connectivity for control systems drive operational efficiencies Oil & Gas Increased demand for video surveillance systems in remote locations such as water storage reservoirs, nuclear power plants, airport perimeters, and military bases. Efficient delivery of traffic video monitoring and security; video arraignments; ambulance, police and fire departments

Our Vertical Market Customers Carriers LEC / CLEC / WISP Government Military / HLS / MUSH Energy SmartGrid / Oil & Gas Transportation Trains / ITS / Light Rail Carriers Military Electric Utilities Smart Grid Transportation / Rail / ITS Homeland Security & Public Safety Oil & Gas