Health With the Vision of Molecular Biology Dr. R. K. Mahanta, Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, Jorhat Medical College

Health Where it is present?

Health It is present in Living systems

What is Health? Health

The World Health Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as: “A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”. Health

In humans, it is the general condition of a person's mind, body and spirit, usually meaning to be free from illness, injury or pain including all the physical, mental and social aspects of living Health

Biologically State of Health is the level of Functional and metabolic efficiency of a Living being with respect to the Duration of existence and environment Health

With the Vision of Molecular Biology Health is a state of sustained and progressive maintenance of system stability and durability in living systems Health

Determinants of health Social and Environmental Income and social status Social support networks Education and literacy Employment/working conditions Social environments Physical environments Personal and Biological Personal health practices and coping skills Healthy child development Biology and genetics Health care services Gender Culture

These factors or determinants generate, maintain and modulate the quality and duration of health in a person who is a living system developed through the process of evolution to the highest level of system organization, maintenance and objective persistence detected in the universe till date Health

Health and Molecular Biology

After all health is a vector state of a living system concerned with the wellbeing of the system as well as of other interactive living systems Health is vector in scale because it includes both how much and how long towards system durability

As health is present in living systems and living systems are best studied or explored by tools of Molecular Biology, it is very helpful to have some familiarity with the living system through the perspective of Molecular Biology to understand or perceive the deeper meanings of health Health and Molecular Biology

Molecular Biology Life Living System

Molecular Biology

Basically Biology is Study of Living Materials

Biology of Molecules is Study of Living Molecules Molecular Biology

Study of Living Molecule is Molecularbiology Molecular Biology

The scientific discipline that study the molecular behavior under interactive universal physicochemical forces associated with formation, maintenance and replication of living systems and character of molecules originating in living systems

Molecular Biology study The total Biology of living Molecules not the fraction of chemistry involved in Living Therefore we study Molecularbiology not Biochemistry

Life

We study Molecules Associated with life But What is LIFE?

Let us try to define Life in the perspective of Molecularbiology

Life Life is the cumulative chronological outcome of a thermodynamically open isothermal, dynamic, non equilibrating physicochemical system characterized with capacity for precise self assembly, self regulation and self replication with maintenance of system enthalpy at the expense of exponential increase in extra system entropy modulated by information molecules for system regulation and transmittable during system replication and system recombination to increase system durability

The living systems

The demarcated volume of universe with characters of life is designated as a living system. The dynamic molecular bilayer that separates the system from the environment is the system membrane.

The Living Process and State The events going on in a living system is the living process. The dynamic non equilibrating stage of the system is the living state.

The Events and Participants The chemical changes and events in the living system is metabolism. The molecules taking part in system maintenance are the metabolites

Deviations, Remedies and Outcome Deviation of system status towards equilibrium is disease. Procedures taken to revert back system deviations towards evolutionally accepted status is treatment. Irreversible system deviation producing system equilibrium is death.

System Health Health is a state in the living system conducive for maintenance of optimum balance between system enthalpy and extra system entropy resulting in enhanced system efficiency and extension of system durability

A healthy system is efficient and durable without disturbing other systems

Factors affecting system health Intrinsic (Genomic) Epigenomic Nutrigenomic Metabolomic Extrinsic (Non Genomic) Physical Chemical Biological Informational

Factors affecting system health Intrinsic (Genomic) Epigenomic Nutrigenomic Metabolomic

Epigenomics Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome. Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell’s DNA or histones that affect gene expression without altering the DNA sequence Epigenetic modifications play an important role in gene expression and regulation It is involved in numerous cellular processes such as differentiation, development and tumorigenesis

Nutrigenomics Nutrigenomics is the study of the effects of foods and food constituents on gene expression. It is about how our DNA is transcribed into mRNA and then to proteins and provides a basis for understanding the biological activity of food components

Nutrigenomics Nutrigenomics also describe the influence of genetic variation on nutrition. It correlate gene expression with a nutrient's absorption, metabolism, elimination or biological effects. By doing so, nutrigenomics aims to develop rational means to optimise nutrition, with respect to the subject's genotype.

Nutrigenomics tries to define the relationship between specific nutrients and specific nutrient regimes (diets) on human health by determining the mechanism of the effects of nutrients or a nutritional regime. Nutrigenomics has been associated with the idea of personalized nutrition based on genotype. There is hope that nutrigenomics will ultimately enable personalized dietary advice. It is a science still in its infancy and its contribution to public health over the next decade is thought to be major. Nutrigenomics

Nutrigenomics finds out what your genes suggest to take for a healthy system maintenance

Metabolomics Metabolomics is the scientific study of chemical processes involving metabolites. The metabolome represents the collection of all metabolites in a biological cell, tissue, organ or organism, which are the end products of cellular processes. Metabolome refers to the complete set of small- molecule metabolites such as metabolic intermediates, hormones and other signaling molecules, and secondary metabolites to be found within a biological system such as a single organism.

Factors affecting system health Extrinsic (Non Genomic) Physical Chemical Biological Informational

Factors affecting system health Extrinsic (Non Genomic) Physical Chemical Biological Informational

Factors affecting system health Extrinsic (Non Genomic) Physical Chemical Biological Informational

Factors affecting system health Extrinsic (Non Genomic) Informational Outside Factors influencing the mind

So health is an intricate and delicate product of multiple of internal and external factors acting simultaneously in and on a living system commonly known as an organism and specifically for us as a human being

Conclusions

A healthy system do not make other systems unhealthy and A healthy person do not utter unhealthy words

Be healthy and Make other healthy

What is Hygiene?

Hygiene is the protector of health

Classical hygiene is making and keeping us and the environment healthy and clean

But What is Modern Hygiene?

Modern Hygiene is making Behavior Communication Thinking Healthy and Clean

Living well by a system is Health Behaving well by the system is hygiene

One last word from a teacher to fellow teachers

Regular studies makes a student proficient and Regular studies keeps a teacher living

This is the Elixir for Academic Health and Hygiene

Thanks