Lung Cancer Wael Batobara

Lung Cancer Importance Risk Factors Classification & Manifestations Diagnosis Treatment

Importance Most common cause of cancer mortality Lung Ca mortality is more than colorectal +breast + prostate mortalities all together Mortality applies to both gender

Risk factors Smoking, smoking, smoking & smoking Asbestos ( also cause mesothelioma) Others

Classification Small cell & Non small cell Small cell  local spread Non small cell  distant metastasis

Presentation Symptoms related to primary lesion  Cough, hemoptysis,SOB, Chest pain wheeze, stridor, hoarseness of voice Symptoms related to local spread  Pleura & pericardial effusion Horner’s Syndrome & SVC Syndrome

Presentation Symptoms related to distant metastasis  Brain, Bone, Liver, adrenal & skin Paraneoplastic Syndrome  Hormone mediated PTH ( hypercalcemia) ACTH (cushing) ADH ( hyponatremia) HCG (gynecomastia)  Others clubbing, Lambert -Eaton Syndrome

Work up & Diagnosis Radiological Diagnosis CXR  CT chest Pathological Diagnosis Sputum cytology  biopsy Operability PFT  how much the patient will end up with The whole aim is to establish diagnosis, extent of disease  prognosis & potential treatment

Treatment Staging is a common language to describe the disease extent For Non Small cell Ca  TNM For Small cell  Limited Vs Extensive Treatment Local disease  Surgery +/- Chemo Advanced disease  Chemo & Radio

Take Home Message Lung Ca is a leading cause of death among all cancers Smoking is well established risk factor Significant number of cases are diagnosed late Treatment depends on staging