Structuring the ERA: Science and Society Work programme

Background è Council Resolution on Science & Society, and Women & Science, 26 June 2001 l Called on both the Commission and Members States to bring forward initiatives è Science & Society Action Plan l adopted by Commission on 4 December 2001 l promoting scientific education and culture; science policy closer to the citizens; responsible science at the heart of policy making è Framework programme l adopted by Council and EP on 27 June 2002 l Specific Programme ‘Structuring the ERA’, adopted by Council 30 September, contains ‘Science & Society’ component with a budget of €80m l plus ‘mainstreaming’ of Science/Society across the FP

Other supporting references è For example l Women & Science communication(1999) and working document (2001) l White Paper on European Governance (2001) l Developments in science education (Uppsala, Barcelona) (2001) l ERA progress, particularly benchmarking reports (2002)

“The vision” è An environment in which scientific endeavour is naturally responsive to public concerns and aspirations; è and where both policy makers and citizens can make informed choices from the range of options thrown up by technological progress.

The strategy è To seek a better integration of science in society and society in science... l by stimulating a more dynamic interaction between scientists, policy-makers and society at large... l based on new structural links within the European Research Area.

Four broad objectives: ¶Enhancing the way science contributes to policy formulation, responding to the aspirations and concerns of European citizens ·Promoting responsible research ¸Increasing public awareness and understanding of advances in science and technology 4including young people and scientific careers ÍBoosting gender equality in research.

A range of activities: è Networks l exchanging information; identifying lessons learned; promoting good practices; monitoring developments. è Conferences, seminars, working groups etc. l to foster a dynamic interchange between actors on critical topics. è Prizes and other flagship actions l in recognition of outstanding achievements è Methodological development and research l including design of indicators, surveys, impact assessments è Research, particularly in ethics è Information, communication and dissemination actions, and operational support.

Implementation è A mix of instruments tailored to the objectives l Co-ordination actions l Specific support actions l Specific targeted research projects l calls for tender (public procurement) l ad hoc expert assistance è An ‘open call’ of general interest will run in parallel with calls on specific topics è Some calls for proposals may be preceded by calls for expression of interest

Scientific advice & governance (1) è Objective:To enhance the way that science contributes to policy-making in multi-level governance, with inclusive participation of society taking account of the aspirations and concerns of European citizens.

Scientific advice & governance (2) è Scientific input to policy-making l expertise in policy-making  building on the Commission’s own guidelines l information tools (including ‘horizon scanning’)  including development of SINAPSE l Scientific reference systems  principles, procedures, limited targeted support

Guidelines on the collection and use of expertise è White Paper on European Governance, July 2001: l included commitment to increase confidence in expert advice è Co-operative effort by all concerned DGs è Core principles: l quality (incl. excellence, independence, integrity, pluralism l openness (incl. transparency, traceability, accountability) l effectiveness (incl. proportionality) è 17 Guidelines for Commission departments è plus “Practical suggestions and checklists” è Due for adoption before the end of 2002

COMMISSION SERVICES ORGANISATIONS EXPERTS EARLY WARNING SYSTEM INFORMAL CONSULTATION MECHANISM SCIENTIFIC ADVICE/OPINION DATABASE SECURED COMMUNICATION TOOL SINAPSE Scientific INformAtion for Policy Support in Europe

Scientific advice & governance (3) è Participation of society l stimulating and supporting participatory procedures  visioning exercises, consensus conferences, stakeholder dialogues etc l enhancing the knowledge base  indicators, monitoring methods, dissemination tools  pilot monitoring and pilot impact assessment l principles and methodologies  for triggering and conducting procedures  interaction between experts and stakeholders

Scientific advice & governance (4) è Uncertainty, risk, precautionary principle l common approaches and toolkits  integrating lessons learned  cross-cutting questions l implications for research policy  eg. precautionary research, post-normal science

ETHICAL DIMENSION IN FP6 OUTLINE è Ethical standards for the 6th Framework Programme for Research ( ) è Requirements on ethics in the Guide to proposers è Ethical review of research proposals è The Workprogramme “Science and society”: The ethical dimension in science and new technologies

Ethical standards for FP6 è Article 3 of the 6 FP è " All the research activities carried out under the Framework Programme must be carried out in compliance with fundamental ethical principles." è References è Charter of fundamental rights of the EU è International conventions and codes of conduct,. l the Helsinki Declaration, l the Convention of the Council of Europe on Human Rights and Biomedicine signed in Oviedo on 4 April

Ethical standards for the FP6 è National rules Participants must conform to current legislation, regulations and ethical rules in the countries where the research will be carried out. Participants must seek the approval of the relevant national or local ethics committees prior to the start of the RTD activities. è Areas excluded from funding è Human cloning for reproductive purposes; è Germline gene therapy ( research relating to cancer treatment of the gonads can be financed.) è Creating human embryos solely for the purpose of research or of stem cell procurement, including by means of somatic cell nuclear transfer è Until Dec no funding of research on human embryonic stem cells except banked or isolated stem cells

Guide to proposers è All proposers have to describe in their proposals the ethical issues raised by their project and how they will handle these. è Applicants must indicate whether their project involve: l human beings, l the use of human biological samples, including embryonic or fetal tissues, l the use of personal data or genetic information, l animals including transgenic animals and non-human primates l genetically modified organisms or plants

Ethical review “ An ethical review will be implemented systematically by the Commission for proposals dealing with ethically sensitive issues.” Ethical review is performed : By a multidisciplinary panel of experts After the scientific evaluation Possibility of excluding research projects that contravene fundamental ethical principles (rules for participation) Monitoring of ethical issues during the life of the project

Workprogramme “Science and society”: The ethical dimension in science and new technologies è Objective: l Understand and communicate the responsibility of researchers in evolving technologies l improve the mutual understanding of values in science l reinforce the sense of responsibility in European research in a global context è 3 areas: 1. Dialogue and information exchange 2. Raising the awareness of researchers on ethical issues 3. Deepening the understanding of ethical problems

Workprogramme “Science and society”: The ethical dimension è 1. Dialogue and information exchange between groups concerned with ethical issues l Support links between national ethics councils l Identification of good practices in research evaluation, development of common guidelines for local ethical research committees (involving humans, data protection, animals) l Stimulate a dialogue on ethics with other regions of the world l Set up an information and documentation observatory for ethical issues

Workprogramme “Science and society”: The ethical dimension è 2. Raising the awareness of researchers l Cultural awareness of researchers, including stimulating an open dialogue between scientific community and NGOs, Industry, religions, cultural groups l Development of cross cultural training material and programmes on ethics and Codes of conduct for research and new technology (including codes of conduct on research integrity)

Workprogramme “Science and society”: The ethical dimension è 3. Deepening the understanding of ethical problems ê Research on ethical, (legal and socio-economic and cultural) issues in relation to scientific and technological developments, methodologies and their applications e.g.: nano and genetic research, data protection, biodiversity EU-policies ê Research on such ethical issues related to research and technology in the context of EU-policies, in areas such as research co-operation with developing countries and international trade relations, with emphasis on the intercultural dialogue on research ethics in the global context

Workprogramme “Science and society”: The ethical dimension Calls: For 1 and 2: “Dialogue and exchange of information” + “Raising the awareness of researchers”:  Open call for the 2 first years : conferences seminars, networks, surveys, working groups and operational support For 3: “Deepening the understanding of ethical problems”: ê Calls for STRP: 1st call open in mid 2003 of 5M€

Scientific and technological culture, young people, science education and careers è Objective: è to increase public awareness of science and the use of scientific knowledge, è to promote young people’s interest in science, è to improve science education and the uptake of scientific careers.

Promoting science and scientific culture, particularly among young people è Optimise the quality and dissemination of science-related information to the public è Development and adaptation of science communication media and techniques è The annual European Science Week è Promoting “science shops” è Effectiveness and impact of raising public awareness activities

Awards for scientific achievements, collaboration and communication è “René Descartes” prizes for (i) transnational collaborative research (ii) scientific communication and journalism. è “European Contest for Young Scientists ”

Promoting young people’s interest in science and scientific careers è science teaching: – collaboration between science teachers and scientists for making science lessons more attractive – develop, exchange, disseminate and promote tools, techniques and materials è science of science: – syllabi on social, cultural and economic determinants for scientific development

Promoting young people’s interest in science and scientific careers è monitoring of career data : – dynamics and characteristics of the uptake of scientific careers, – provision of information on S&T careers, and – data on the needs for S&T professionals in Europe – provision of advice for policy makers and students è provision of opportunities for early experience in research: – establishment of a European platform for co- ordination of initiatives in this area

Women and Science Background è Communication of the Commission, 17 February 1999 è Resolution of the Council, 20 May 1999 è Resolution of the Parliament, 3 February 2000 è European Research Area, January 2000 è Commission Staff Working Paper (Women and Science), 15 May 2001 è Council Resolution on Science and Society and on Women in Science, 26 June 2001 è Action Plan - Science and Society December 2002 è FP6

Exceptions to the reference year: BEFl (HES) 2001; BEFr, DE (HES) 2000; LU (2000); UK (GOV) 1998; HU, LT, LV; PL (2000) HES & GOV; IL (1998) HES. No data for: HES (LU); GOV (BE, LU, IL, MT, RO. Exceptions to Frascati manual definition of researcher: BE, LU. How many researchers?

The scissors diagram Exceptions à l’année de références: EL (étudiants), IE (Ph.D. gr..): 97/98; BE-FR, BE-FL (Ph.D. gr..), PT (Ph.D. gr..), SE (Ph.D. gr..): 99/00; EL (prof.): 1997; ES (prof.), IE (prof.), AT (prof.): 1998 Pays manquants: DE (Etudiants 6), LU, PT (professors) Estimations à base de EPT (professors): NL

Women and Science Action Plan POLICY FORUMGENDER WATCH SYSTEM ETANBY (FP5 statistics) Helsinki groupFOR (gender impact studies) IndicatorsABOUT (gender research) Networks40% target RegionsEngendering work programmes WIRAction Plans in new instruments EASTMake gender dimension explicit Research on gender and science

The Helsinki Group è 31 countries è Meetings:Bi-annual è Mandate:Policy Review Indicators Perspectives at EU level è First Report Published in June 2002

Gender equality in S&S WP è Stimulating debate, mobilising women scientists l synergies between national initiatives (link with HG) l women in industrial research l mainstreaming gender equality in scientific institutions l European Platform of women scientists

Gender equality in S&S WP (2) è Understanding the gender issue in scientific research l increasing knowledge of gender issue in science (policy research, indicators research, analysis of the different forms and mechanisms of segregation, research on gender bias of scientific system, from different perspectives : sociology, history, philosophy) l benchmarking

Mainstreaming gender in FP6

è Strategic database l Statistics on women’s participation in FP l Action plans in new instruments : typology and monitoring l Gender sensitive projects l Names of women scientists (tbc)