SatCAST Project Roberto Donadio European Space Agency SatCast Project Final Presentation Arendal, 27 September 2000

About ESA The European Space Agency (ESA) is a non-profit inter-governmental organisation with the aim to promote and organise the R&D on technology for space applications, for exclusively peaceful purposes All member states participate in activities related to space science and in a common set of programmes (mandatory programmes). In addition, members choose the level of participation in optional programmes Earth observation Earth observation Telecommunications Telecommunications Launcher development Launcher development Manned space flight Manned space flight Microgravity research Microgravity research Major Distribution of ESA programmes (source: Annual Report 1997) Total ESA budget 1998: 2.59 BEUR, Telecom Programmes 165 MEUR (6.4%)

ESTEC ESTEC Noordwijk, The Netherlands European Space Research & Tech. Centre - Staff: 1051 ESA HQ ESA HQ Paris, France ESA Headquarters - Staff: 350 EAC EAC Cologne, Germany European Astronauts Centre - Staff: 11 ESOC ESOC Darmstadt, Germany European Space Operations Centre - Staff: 244 ESRIN ESRIN Frascati, Italy European Space Research Institute - Staff: 136 Tot.: 1792 staff ESA Member States

Telecommunications R&D in ESA Main Themes: Improvement of European industrial capabilities through advanced development of communication technology Improvement of European industrial capabilities through advanced development of communication technology Promotion of new satellite communications services through experimentation and demonstration: Promotion of new satellite communications services through experimentation and demonstration: fixed, broadcasting, mobile, data relay, navigation fixed, broadcasting, mobile, data relay, navigation Cooperation with operating entities: Cooperation with operating entities: Eutelsat, Ses, Inmarsat, Intelsat, W. European Telecom Operators Eutelsat, Ses, Inmarsat, Intelsat, W. European Telecom Operators Programme budget: 1.2 billions AU duration Programme budget: 1.2 billions AU duration ESA R&D in telecommunications is mainly carried out under the ARTES (Advanced Research in Telecommunications Systems) programme.

What are the directions for R&D? reduce the cost of the Earth Segment reduce the cost of the Earth Segment better coding techniques better coding techniques multi-beam satellites multi-beam satellites low-cost components for VSAT stations low-cost components for VSAT stations more efficient bandwidth utilisation more efficient bandwidth utilisation improved access schemes improved access schemes improved transmission schemes improved transmission schemes evolution towards transmission at Ka-band evolution towards transmission at Ka-band optimal utilisation of limited on-board resources optimal utilisation of limited on-board resources Satellite technology for affordable multimedia

Line 1: Pilot Systems & Applications Development of Satcom Multimedia Market Theme 1: “Public European High Speed Internet Demonstrators” 1 contract Theme 2: “Tele-Education/Telemedicine Pilot Operations” 7 contracts Theme 4: “Intra-Enterprise and other Networking Demonstrators” 3 contracts + 2 u.n. Theme 5: “Multimedia Satellite Services Pilot Operations” ITT ‘00 Theme 6: “Tele-Education/Tele-Health Pilot Services” 3 contracts Theme 7: “Broadband Mobile Pilot Services Implementation” ITT ‘99 Line 2: Components Development of Satcom System Elements Development of Satcom System Elements Theme 1: Near Term Evolution of Satellite Infrastructure Theme 2: Low Cost User Earth Stations, 7 contracts Theme 3: Highly Integrated Radio-Frequency (on-board) Front-Ends, 5 contracts Theme 4: Miniaturised Implementations for Modem and Switches, 2 contracts Theme 5: Inter-Satellite Link Front-Ends, 3 contracts Line 3: Systems Pioneering Novel Systems Skybridge, EuroSkyWay, WEST ARTES 3 projects currently running … a few examples later 

 Internet-Attached Device Millions of Text-Based Web Sites Internet in Evolution: the Past

 Internet in Evolution: Now

The Case for Multicasting Internet evolves to incorporate broadcasting applications - the Unicast model does not scale well - the Unicast model does not scale well - a mix of Unicast and Multicast is necessary - a mix of Unicast and Multicast is necessary

Real-time Non-real-time Multimedia Data-only Video server Video conferencing Internet audio Multimedia Events Stock quotes News feeds White boarding Interactive gaming Replication: Video & web servers Kiosks Content delivery Intranet & Internet Data delivery Server-server Server-desktop DB replication SW distribution Requires reliability The Case for Reliable Multicasting

ESA has launched a specific R&D programme (ARTES 3) dedicated to multimedia over satellite Objectives: Develop applications and involve a variety of user groups in the early roll-out of services in pre-competitive, but real, environments Develop applications and involve a variety of user groups in the early roll-out of services in pre-competitive, but real, environments Promote open standards in the satellite industry Promote open standards in the satellite industry Develop the key satellite and ground sub-systems and system technology in order to lessen the service deployment risk Develop the key satellite and ground sub-systems and system technology in order to lessen the service deployment risk ESA support to industry Funding: Activities are co-funded by ESA and contractors on a 50 % basis. Exceptions to this co-funding scheme are possible for the following specific cases: Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) can be funded up to a maximum of 75%.Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) can be funded up to a maximum of 75%. University, institutes and equivalent research centres can be funded up to a maximum of 100%.University, institutes and equivalent research centres can be funded up to a maximum of 100%.

SatCAST SatCAST - Project started in June ‘99 - Team: West Consulting BV, NLR, University of Salzburg Objectives: Objectives: - to develop a software package for efficient access to Web-based information between multiple proxy locations - extension of the SaWa proxy platform developed under a previous contract - integration of multicast into the SaWa concept - implementation and adaptation of RRMP protocol under Solaris OS.

Un’Azienda Finmeccanica -The objective of MultiMAP is to develop a pilot digital map update communications network via satellite in co-operation with Ordnance Survey, Britain's national mapping agency - Ordnance Survey foresee that their daily digital map transfer traffic will grow from a volume of 450Mb in 1998 to 1,200 Mb in The current terrestrial communications systems employed (ISDN) are adequate for today's usage, but bottlenecks in the system have already been identified, and future growth in communications volume will require significant increases in capacity. -A pilot satellite-based Intranet is currently running, improving the existing operations, as well as acting as a catalyst for new data dissemination services that would not be viable within the current terrestrial framework.

Un’Azienda Finmeccanica -The objective of the Advanced Broadcast Architecture for Retail Intranet Services (ABARIS) project is to establish an e-commerce Internet platform based on satellite multicasting. The initial focus is on the delivery of CD quality audio products. - ABARIS multicasts music products to customers who are equipped with a computer connected to a standard satellite TV dish antenna. Following reception, each track may be played using a multimedia PC or written to a CD for use in a standard home or car hi-fi system. The music encryption scheme employed by ABARIS will protect copyrights by preventing unauthorised performances or recordings. -Avanti's partners in the project include V2 Music Group, a leading independent record company; National Research Group which undertakes world-wide market research into entertainment products and Central Research Laboratories - a leader in the development of advanced digital intellectual property management technologies.

-The objective of SiMPLE (Satellite Interactive Multimedia Platform for Low-cost Earth-stations) has been the development of a software package for advanced multicasting of multimedia Internet content, based on: -The objective of SiMPLE (Satellite Interactive Multimedia Platform for Low-cost Earth-stations) has been the development of a software package for advanced multicasting of multimedia Internet content, based on : Automatic multicast Web cache content updating Automatic multicast Web cache content updating Automatic selection and delivery of content Automatic selection and delivery of content Decentralised software system for distribution of information Decentralised software system for distribution of information -Implementation: Multicast proxies Multicast proxies Scalable and reliable multicast protocols Scalable and reliable multicast protocols Web-based Flexible and secured system maintenance and monitoring Web-based Flexible and secured system maintenance and monitoring Linux and Windows 95/98/NT4.0 based clients Linux and Windows 95/98/NT4.0 based clients Generation of user profiles at server and client side for optimized content distribution Generation of user profiles at server and client side for optimized content distribution

- Objective: production and distribution of video-rich learning materials delivered with interactive modules targeted to primary schools (pupils from 5 to 11 years old) - Kids’ expectations from such a system are very demanding:  they expect PC to deliver multimedia as good as television, and to be as interactive as video games  they do not cope with the world wide wait: if a PC does not respond quickly to their mouse clicks, they lose concentration, and start doing something else  they must be “guided” in the Internet jungle in intelligent way (a difficult, time consuming task often beyond the teachers capabilities) - Several elements of the modules have to be refreshed every week (e.g. news clips, extracts from newspapers, web links, guide to TV educational programmes). This, associated with the need to have a broad dissemination of the material, makes the satellite platform (package delivery via ASTRA-NET) very attractive

Information is available on the web at: including an overview of the running projects and a pointer to the open tenders To know more

Satellites are now increasingly used for providing fast Internet access Applications: Traditional applications designed for unicast transmission Traditional applications designed for unicast transmission Applications tailored to the point-to-multipoint environment Applications tailored to the point-to-multipoint environment The need for tailored applications Advantage (with satellite): only enhanced speed Disadvantage -->> not very efficient, not exploiting the potential of the media Plus: very efficient on satellite Constraint: full compatibility to the mainstream Internet environment (seamless integration)  There is the need to develop new applications in order to allow the satellite services to be attractive and financially viableand demonstrate themin pilot systems  There is the need to develop new applications in order to allow the satellite services to be attractive and financially viable and demonstrate them in pilot systems

Development of the Satcom Multimedia Market Development of applications in: Development of applications in: -tele-medicine -tele-education -Intranets -high speed Internet services in pre-competitive, but real, environments services in pre-competitive, but real, environments Promotion of open standards for interactive satellite terminalsPromotion of open standards for interactive satellite terminals Involvement of a variety of user groups in early roll-out of

Development of the Satcom System Elements System building blocks such as onboard processing technology, intelligent antennas, inter-satellite links and communications control techniquesSystem building blocks such as onboard processing technology, intelligent antennas, inter-satellite links and communications control techniques Ground systems such as low cost user terminals and those elements of satellite infrastructure which are necessary to support the interfaces with service providersGround systems such as low cost user terminals and those elements of satellite infrastructure which are necessary to support the interfaces with service providers

Pioneering Novel System Support actions to European Industry proposing new satellite systemsSupport actions to European Industry proposing new satellite systems Risk mitigation in new satellite enterprisesRisk mitigation in new satellite enterprises Perceived Risks Perceived Risks Time to Market …………... Technology ………………. Competitive Landscape ….. Capital Plan Regulatory/Licensing ESA can helps with: ESA can helps with: Advanced development of key system technology technology Co-funding of key system components development development Supporting standards definition

- The objective of the WEBSAT project is to establish and conduct technical and functional field tests of a demonstration high speed Internet service using a low cost "Return-Link" system previously developed. - During the initial development phase Armstrong established an ISP satellite gateway (Hub) with direct high speed connection to the Internet backbone. - First phase testing was conducted to assess traffic profile for a given amount of space segment. - Second phase addressing pilot pre-commercial service to various users dispersed across the footprint of a Eutelsat W-Series satellite (currently running). - Commercial service already announced armstrongelectronics

IP over Direct Broadcasting Satellites: an enabling technology Growing acceptance of DVB as the standard for digital TV broadcasting. The 50 millions satellite households* in Europe are now migrating to digital. * DTH+SMATV This creates a large potential user base for data broadcasting over DVB. Standards for data over DVB are in place : ETSI “ Standards for data over DVB are in place : ETSI “ Digital video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB Specification for Data Broadcasting” As a result the cost of data reception equipment (e.g. DVB decoding cards for PC platforms) have fallen sharply and will continue to do so. Satellites are now offered to access to broadband services at high speed in a point- to multipoint configuration, allowing applications which are not possible with the most common means of access (e.g. modem, ISDN) IP over DVB as an enabling technology to deploy fast, geographically dispersed access to broadband access at low cost   