Creating Policies and a Legal Framework 1 Dörte Peters, seecon international gmbh

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Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: 3 Contents 1.Policies and Legal Framework 2.Example: Water and Sewerage Services in Bogotá, Colombia 3.Change Process 4.Basis for Other Tools 5.Applicability 6.Advantages and Disadvantages 7.References

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: 4 UN 2010: General Assembly declared right to safe and clean drinking water & sanitation as human right…  makes issue more urgent  puts pressure on (local) governments 1. Policies and Legal Framework Source: Often changes in existing water and sanitation policies & legal frameworks required for successful implementation of SSWM tools and for reaching the ‘new’ human right for everyone. (GWP 2008)

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: 5 Policies (GWP 2008) International norms and rights (e.g. WHO guidelines): national, regional and local policies needed to force their adoption and enable implementation of SSWM tools. Policies delimit activities of all SSWM stakeholders, including local government. Appropriate policies encourage participatory, demand-driven & sustainable development.  Policies lead to development of laws, rules & regulation designed to achieve the policy goals 1. Policies and Legal Framework Source:

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: 1. Policies and Legal Framework Role of laws for sanitation and water management: -implement and enforce policy -provide effective administrative & regulatory mechanisms  Powerful tool to support SSWM on the local level  Hand in hand with formulation or change of policies  Creation of legal framework follows from development of integrated and coherent local policy  Does not make any sense without enforcement body! Legal Framework (GWP 2008)

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: focused reform ( ) on providing water & sanitation services to city’s poorest neighborhoods; provided subsidies for poor 1993: 78% of 5 million residents connected to water services, 71% to sewerage services 2001: 95% of 6.5 million connected to water services, 87% to sewerage services  ‘external’ change of the legal framework as initiative for change  decentralisation can lead to local policy reform strenghtening the focus on water and sanitation management 2. Example: Water and Sewerage Services in Bogotá, Colombia Law granting mayors more authority & independence in management of public services  Mayor of Bogotá restructured Water and Sewerage Company of Bogotá. Source: /index.php?title=Datei:Fla g_of_Bogot%C3%A1.svg&fil etimestamp=

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: 8 Main Actors and Roles 3. Change Process National government: possibilities to formulate/ change policies and/ or legal framework at national level  often binding for lower political level. Local governments possibilities vary. In countries with a central government they might play no role, in more decentralised countries they might have a more ample scope to formulate/ change policies and the legal framework. NGOs, Civil Society Institutions, and Community-Based Organisations: help develop policies & legal framework, e.g. with lobbying and influencing decision-makers on all levels Communities, schools, households can formulate their own policies and legal frameworks (with a limited outreach).

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: Change of Policies and Legal Framework 1/2  process informed by many factors: history, public perception, development challenges, social & economic context, depending on region’s background  no universally applicable solutions 3. Change Process  clarification of roles and responsibilities  new policy & legal framework within international norms & rights Source:

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: Change of Policies and Legal Framework 2/2  process needs time  proactively policies, not just short-term response to crisis  ‘reform’ not always what is needed: implementation of policies/ strategies already agreed upon, removing obstacles that prevent legislation from being enacted, or policies from being put into practice, etc. is also important 3. Change Process Source: savings-time-warp/

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: Environment for Change Process  Deliberate water and sanitation policy combined with sound legal framework: provide basis for enabling environment for implementation of SSWM tools.  Policies & legal frameworks will not work properly without sound institutional framework, adequate human resources, and enforcement body (and vice versa). Building this fundament accurately  implementation of other SSWM tools working more sustainable 4. Basis for Other Tools

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: 12 Applicability of policies & legal frameworks on local level vary. Depends on: -National policies, laws and rights -Structure within the country (centralised or decentralised)  Possibility to work with policy and legal framework changes and new formulations on a local level  tool very applicable  Existing laws, norms and rights within a country do not need to be ignored by just formulating new ones: Changes within given international and national framework possible. 5. Applicability

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: Advantages and Disadvantages Disadvantages: Need for enforcement of laws Process takes time Short-term cost but no short- term advantages Local authorities might have limited influence towards higher governmental powers and could be restricted on their actions Advantages: Policies and legal frameworks can set minimum standards Clear definition of roles and responsibilities New frameworks within international norms Gender aspects can be considered Necessary precondition for a successful implementation of the other tools

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework Find this presentation and more on: References GWP (2008). Toolbox. Integrated Water Resource Management. Global Water Partnership (GWP). URL: [Accessed: ] WSSCC (2009): Public Funding for Sanitation. The Many Faces of Sanitation Subsidies. Geneva: Water Supply and Sanitation Collaborative Council (WSSCC). URL: es_of_sanitation_subsidies.pdf [Accessed ] es_of_sanitation_subsidies.pdf

Creating Policies and a Legal Framework 15 “Linking up Sustainable Sanitation, Water Management & Agriculture” SSWM is an initiative supported by: Compiled by: