Critique/Overview on the Framework for Action and Follow-Up Kirubel Teshome, ETC Group/Africa

Section V: Framework for action and follow ‐ up Priority/key/thematic/cross ‐ sectoral issues and areas Accelerating and measuring progress (SDGs, GDP...) Means of implementation (finance, access to and transfer of technology, capacity building)

A. Priority/key/thematic/cross ‐ sectoral issues and areas Most countries emphasize nutrition, sustainable agriculture and fisheries: some call for global food and nutrition security Water: some propose universal access as goal; formulations on right to water differ Energy: critical role of energy in SD recognized by all; broad support for universal access; role of new and renewable energy country ‐ specific

Cont’ Cities: proposal to address rural development and rural ‐ urban linkages – many emphasize affordable housing, infrastructure and basic services; others stress sustainable urban design and planning – platform for sustainable cities for future proposal Green jobs and social inclusion: deficit of decent work needs to be addressed; variable emphasis on green jobs as part of solution

Oceans, seas and SIDS: many propose separate section on SIDS – Reporting, monitoring, assessment of marine env, including capacity building for marine scientific research, inter alia on ocean acidification – Some emphasize faster progress toward target for marine protected areas – No consensus on negotiating implementing agreement on marine biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction

Strong support for measures to control illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing and restore depleted fish stocks Also broad support for strengthened disciplines under WTO on fisheries subsidies Support small fishers and provide greater market access for fisheries products of developing countries

Natural disaster: strong emphasis on risk reduction and resilience; post ‐ Hyogo Climate change: implement Durban outcome Forests and biodiversity: – Strong emphasis on strengthened forest financing, robust governance – Also, Strategic Plan for BD, Nagoya Protocol,

Land degradation, desertification: monitoring, land restoration, mitigation of impacts; elements of land degradation target Mountains: emphasis on CC impacts on mtns, vulnerability of mtn communities, conservation of mtn ecosystems Chemicals, waste: synergies among Conventions; plastics, electronic waste; 3Rs

Education: reaffirmation of right to education, equal access for girls/women; strong emphasis on strengthening educ systems and infra; educ for SD beyond decade Gender equality: accelerate implementation of commitments; access to productive resources, land and other assets, job opportunities; participation in decision ‐ making; coherence of UN system on gender

Sustainable agriculture and food security Water Energy Sustainable tourism Sustainable transportation Sustainable Cities Health and population Promoting full employment and decent work for all Oceans and seas Small Island Developing States

Climate change Forests Biodiversity Desertification, land degradation and drought Mountains Chemicals and waste Sustainable Consumption and Production Mining Education Health and Population Gender equality and women’s empowerment

B. Accelerating and measuring progress: SDGs in Zero Draft Asks for Rio+20 to devise a process to define Sustainable Development Goals – a set of global Sustainable Development Goals that reflect an integrated and balanced treatment of the three dimensions of sustainable development, and are universal and applicable to all countries – a mechanism for periodic follow ‐ up and reporting on progress made toward their achievement.

Lists suggested themes to be covered under the Goals Calls for establishment of one set of goals by 2015 which are part of 2015 UN Development Agenda Calls for capacity building to collect and analyze data.

Broad (not yet universal) agreement that Rio+20 should launch SDGs. – Various principles have been proposed (ensure implementation of A21 and JPOI, universality, CBDR, right to development) – Address cross ‐ cutting issues (poverty eradication, gender, equity) – Build on and complement MDGs; one post ‐ 2015framework Not broad support at present for defining coverage of goals (some suggest definition of goals should be country ‐ driven) Even less for agreeing specific goals at Rio but A number of proposed amendments suggest possible areas for goals if not goals themselves – e.g., on land degradation, food, water, energy, and cities.

C. Means of implementation Strong emphasis on fulfillment of all financial commitments, including those for Africa – proposal for establishment of new credit facilities by IFIs to augment resources for SD – emphasis on innovative sources and mechanisms for finance of SD Capacity building – stress on human resource development, exchange of expertise, knowledge transfer and technical assistance

Science and Technology: – Enhanced scientific exchanges – Proposal to create International Mechanism for Technology Transfer under GA – Another proposal for global fund for voluntary contributions to facilitate transfer of green tech – Reference to ‘assured access to ESTs’ – Strengthened research networks, centres of excellence

Trade: engine for development; open and fair trade system – Full participation, inclusiveness and transparency in all areas of WTO work – Elimination of environmentally harmful subsidies – Facilitation of foreign investment, trade in and dissemination of goods and services that contribute to sustainable development – Strengthened implementation of aid ‐ for ‐ trade

Finance Technology Transfer, Research and Development, Innovation, and Science Capacity building and development Trade compendium of commitments

Compendium of commitments Broad support but not consensus; elements: voluntary information about commitments fully transparent and accessible to the public accompanied by an appropriate follow ‐ up mechanism

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