1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system

Characteristics of Muscles Contractibility -the ability of the muscle to shorten reducing distance between parts of its contents 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Characteristics of Muscles Contractibility Myoneural stimulation + contraction of muscle proteins = movement and heat 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Characteristics of Muscles Contractibility Neurotransmitter at site of muscle stimulus. The sodium-potassium pump of the membrane of a muscle cell. The purpose of this slide is to illustrate the complexity of the process of movement. 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Characteristics of Muscles Excitability-ability to respond to a stimulus (similar to nerve tissue) 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Characteristics of Muscles Extensibility-ability of muscles to be stretched 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Characteristics of Muscles Elasticity-ability of a muscle to return to its original length after stretching 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Characteristics of Muscles Contractibility Excitability Extensibility Elasticity 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Muscle Tone Discuss muscle tone. Atrophy: a- ________ -trophy ________ Hypertrophy: hyper- _______ -trophy ________ 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system * *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Muscle Tone John just got a cast off his leg. His calf muscle on the affected leg is 1” smaller in diameter than his other calf muscle. What happened? How do you explain this to him? 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Muscle Tone Exercise & Training What are the advantages of exercise? Are there any disadvantages of exercise? 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Muscle Fatigue Discuss muscle fatigue: What causes muscle fatigue? How does the body correct muscle fatigue? Is muscle fatigue dangerous? Why / why not? Discuss aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Give examples of each. 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Functions of the Muscular System What are the functions of the muscular system? 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Movement: Skeletal Muscle Receptors in muscles provide the brain with information about body position and movement. The brain controls the contraction of skeletal muscle. 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Movement Discuss the mechanism of skeletal muscle movement to include: Point of origin Point of insertion Identify the: Prime mover Antagonist Synergists 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Movement: Digestive System The nervous system regulates the speed at which food moves through the digestive tract. 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Movement: Circulatory System Heartbeat The nervous system and hormones regulate the speed at which the heart beats. 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Posture How does the muscular system effect posture? 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Body Heat What is the body’s response to cold? Why? How is this response helpful? How does the body respond to exercise? Why? 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Myo- Muscle -pathy- Disease Myopathy Myo- Muscle -pathy- Disease 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Fibromyalgia Discuss the pictures and how they relate to fibromyalgia. Cause Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Fibromyalgia Description: widespread muscle and joint pain and fatigue. Symptoms: abdominal pains, chronic headaches, dryness of nose,eyes, and mouth. Etiology: there is no clear cause, but some researchers have speculated that lower levels of brain neurotransmitter called serotonin leads to lower pain thresholds or an increased sensitivity to pain. treated: it’s treated with medication to ease the pain, fatigue, sleep problem, anxiety and depression. outcome: if its not treated it could lead to depression and changes in the brains chemistry, also the nervous system will release a substance that can cause more sensitivity to pain that can result to a chronic pain to the person. By: Blake Smith & mandrell propst -

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Hernia Discuss hernias. Causes Locations Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Prevention 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Hernia Diagnosis- occurs when an organ protrudes through a weak muscle. Some protrude through the abdominal wall, and others in the inguinal area Symptoms- bulge in groin or scrotum groin discomfort or pain nausea, vomiting swelling, heaviness, or burning sensatiom Etiology- an opening in passage from the inguinal canal that should have closed before birth but does not wear and tear by age Treatment- surgery Prognosis- can get worse can lead to death if serious and not treated

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Muscle Spasms Causes: overuse of the muscle, dehydration, poor blood circulation Locations:front and back of thigh, and your feet Symptoms: muscle tightens, hadrens, and is extremely painful Diagnosis: sustained contraction of the muscle Treatment: massaging, stretching, icing and heating the muscle, eat more foods high in vitamins, magnesium, and calcium Prognosis:eventually goes away on its own 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Muscular Dystrophy Discuss the picture and how it relates to muscular dystrophy. Cause Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Duchennes Muscular Dystrophy Description- MD is a group of diseases in which muscle cells deteriorate and die. How it is diagnosed- Diagnosed by general muscle weakness, trouble swallowing/breathing, inability to walk. Symptoms- Begin to show in childhood, usually in boys, trouble breathing or swallowing, generalized muscle weakness that progresses. How it is caused- Duchennes is caused by a genetic defect. How it is treated- It is treated by a combination of physical therapy, drug therapy, & respiratory therapy. Outcome- Wheelchair, or will need to a respirator to be able to breathe.

Myasthenia Gravis Cause: Autoimmune disease, occurs when the connection between the nerves and muscles is lost. Symptoms: Muscle weakness, usually starts around the eyes, double- vision, fatigue. Treatment: Rest, if necessary removal of the thymus gland. Prognosis: May have a long term disappearance, medicine indefinitely. *

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Strain What happened here? What symptoms is this man having? Why? How will he treat them? What is his prognosis? 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Strain Diagnosis- overstretching or tear of the muscle. symptoms- soreness, pain, and tenderness. in extreme cases, bleeding may occur treatment- R.I.C.E. Prognosis- If follow treatment, you will fully recover.

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Tendonitis Discuss the pictures and how they relate to tendonitis. Cause Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *

Tendonitis Diagnoses- Inflammation, irritation, and swelling of a tendon. Symptoms- Stiffness, swelling, tenderness, and weakness. Cause- The disease can occur from a sudden intense injury; could result from a repeated, minor injury of that tendon. Treatment- RICE: Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate. Prognosis- Therapy and maybe loss of function; depends on cause or how severe.

1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system Tetanus Cause- Bacterial infection creates a toxin Symptoms- spasms and seizures (mainly in jaw), stiffness of neck and abs Diagnosis- A bacterial disease that affects nervous system Treatment- No cure. medicine to ease symptoms Prognosis- Death 1.05 Understand the functions and disorders of the muscular system *