©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Creative Commons Licensing You are free: to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work to Remix — to adapt the work Under the following conditions: Attribution — You must attribute the work in the following manner:  This work is based on an original work of the Core Knowledge® Foundation made available through licensing under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. This does not in any way imply that the Core Knowledge Foundation endorses this work. Noncommercial — You may not use this work for commercial purposes. Share Alike — If you alter, transform, or build upon this work, you may distribute the resulting work only under the same or similar license to this one. With the understanding that: For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page: 1EngageNY.org1

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Session 4: Understanding Listening and Learning Key Design Principles EngageNY.org2

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. THERE IS A STRONG CONNECTION BETWEEN ORAL AND WRITTEN LANGUAGE Why Read-Alouds? EngageNY.org 3

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. EngageNY.org Language Development OralWritten EngageNY.org4

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Text Complexity Language Knowledge/Content EngageNY.org 5

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Liben & Liben, 2012 High quality and diverse texts read aloud, enjoyed, discussed and analyzed, are the richest pathway to develop robust language capacity in all students. EngageNY.org 6

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Listening vs. Reading Comprehension T. G. Sticht, 1974, 1984 EngageNY.org 7

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Activity, Part 1: Building Language Skills Select a partner Partner 1, turn to Lesson X on p. x Partner 2, turn to Anchor Standards document on p. x Together, review the Comprehension Questions and Word Work sections of the lesson. As you do so, highlight kindergarten standards addressed on the Anchor standards document for:  Listening & Speaking Standards (pp. x–x)  Language Standards (pp. x–x) EngageNY.org8

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Activity, Part 1: Building Language Skills Select a partner Partner 1, turn to the What are Kings and Queens lesson Partner 2, turn to Anchor Standards Together, review the Comprehension Questions and Word Work sections of the lesson. As you do so, highlight kindergarten standards on the Anchor standards document any standards addressed from:  Listening & Speaking Standards  Language Standards 9EngageNY.org

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Activity, Part 2: Language Skills Evident in Writing With the same partner, review Jason’s writing (next slide) As you do so, look for evidence of the highlighted kindergarten standards on the Anchor standards document any standards addressed from:  Listening & Speaking Standards  Language Standards 10EngageNY.org

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Activity, Part 2: Language Skills Evident in Writing With the same partner, review Jason’s writing (next slide). As you do so, look for evidence of the highlighted kindergarten standards addressed on the Anchor standards document for:  Listening & Speaking Standards (pp. x–x)  Language Standards (pp. x–x) EngageNY.org 11

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. EngageNY.org Grade 2 Writing Sample “My god I picked was Ares. He’s the god of war. Ares is in the Spartain army. He fights the Persian army. He has a helmet to protect his head. He also has a sheild to block people from defeating him. He is also the son of Zeus like all of the gods. Ares also lives on mount olympus.” 12

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. EngageNY.org Reflect How do language skills support reading and writing skills? EngageNY.org13

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE IS ESSENTIAL COMPREHENSION Why Do the CCLS Call for ELA Programs that Focus on Knowledge? EngageNY.org14

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. ACTIVITY: What Do You Know? Work Individually Using the “What do you know?” handout, read each of the short passages. As your complete each passage, answer the question or complete the task indicated next to each one. EngageNY.org15

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Knowledge Helps Fill in Gaps Simple texts, like those on reading tests, are filled with gaps –presumed domain knowledge– that the writer assumes the reader knows. EngageNY.org16

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Knowledge Helps Resolve Ambiguity run EngageNY.org17

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Knowledge Helps Resolve Ambiguity Run EngageNY.org18

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The CKLA Listening & Learning Strand Uses Knowledge-Building Complex Texts EngageNY.org19

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. What Does It Mean to Build Knowledge Systematically? “Building knowledge systematically in English language arts is like giving children various pieces of a puzzle in each grade that, over time, will form one big picture. At a curricular or instructional level, texts—within and across grade levels—need to be selected around topics or themes that systematically develop the knowledge base of students.” EngageNY.org20

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Coherence Within Grades EngageNY.org21

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. PreKKindergartenGrade 1Grade 2 All About Me Nursery Rhymes and Fables Fables and StoriesFairy Tales and Tall Tales FamiliesThe Five SensesThe Human BodyEarly Asian Civilizations AnimalsStories Different Lands, Similar Stories Cycles in Nature Plants Early World Civilizations The Ancient Greek Civilization HabitatsFarms Early American Civilizations Greek Myths Dispersed throughout the year: Native AmericansAstronomyInsects Classic TalesKings and QueensThe History of the EarthWestward Expansion Important People in American History Seasons and WeatherAnimals and HabitatsWar of 1812 Columbus and the Pilgrims Fairy Tales Human Body: Building Blocks and Nutrition Colonial Towns and Townspeople A New NationThe U.S. Civil War Taking Care of the EarthFrontier ExplorersImmigration Presidents and American Symbols Fighting for a Cause 22EngageNY.org On your copy, take a minute to document any other connections you see.

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Reflect With regard to Listening and Learning, reflect on the value of coherence to support of language and vocabulary development. EngageNY.org23

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. READ-ALOUD TOPICS PROVIDE CONTEXT AND REPETITION How do Content-Rich Domains Support Word Learning? EngageNY.org24

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. ex  cencecres  EngageNY.org25

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. excrescence 1.Decoding ex·cres·cence 2. Comprehension noun: a projection or outgrowth especially when abnormal EngageNY.org26

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Why Staying on Topic Matters It provides context and repetition that foster implicit learning of vocabulary: Most vocabulary is learned implicitly. Word learning is most efficient when the reader (listener) already understands the context well. Tiny gains on a dozen words is more efficient than large gains on just one word at a time. EngageNY.org27

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Activity: The Power of Vocabulary 28EngageNY.org Take one minute to write down as many words as you can related to a personal hobby or subject in which you are an expert. Write down every single thing you think of—don’t filter.

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. The Power of Vocabulary Words are not just words. They are the nexus – the interface – between communication and thought. When we read, it is through words that we build, refine, and modify our knowledge. What makes vocabulary valuable and important is not the words themselves so much as the understandings they afford. –Marilyn Jaeger Adams (2009), p. 180 EngageNY.org29

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Message from Research A network of words makes it easier to process what you hear or read. The power of vocabulary is not in familiarity with the individual word itself, as it is in the web of connections you build towards that word. EngageNY.org30

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. PreKKindergartenGrade 1Grade 2 All About Me Nursery Rhymes and Fables Fables and StoriesFairy Tales and Tall Tales FamiliesThe Five SensesThe Human BodyEarly Asian Civilizations AnimalsStories Different Lands, Similar Stories Cycles in Nature Plants Early World Civilizations The Ancient Greek Civilization HabitatsFarms Early American Civilizations Greek Myths Dispersed throughout the year: Native AmericansAstronomyInsects Classic TalesKings and QueensThe History of the EarthWestward Expansion Important People in American History Seasons and WeatherAnimals and HabitatsWar of 1812 Columbus and the Pilgrims Fairy Tales Human Body: Building Blocks and Nutrition Colonial Towns and Townspeople A New NationThe U.S. Civil War Taking Care of the EarthFrontier ExplorersImmigration Presidents and American Symbols Fighting for a Cause EngageNY.org31

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Stories in a Domain EngageNY.org32

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Building Webs of Words in Domains EngageNY.org33

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Paragraph 1 EngageNY.org34

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Building Webs of Words in Domains EngageNY.org35

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Paragraph 2 EngageNY.org36

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Building Webs of Words in Domains EngageNY.org37

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Paragraph 3 EngageNY.org38

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Activity: Add to the Web As a table, examine the next story in the Anthology, “Royal Family” Have one person read it aloud. Write down words you hear that would be added to the web. After reading a paragraph, look at the list and work these words into the web. Build connections among words that relate, that are synonyms or antonyms, that are exemplars, or categories to words in the web. Note words that are repeated or given a new nuance. EngageNY.org39

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Build Across Domains EngageNY.org40

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Staying on Topic is Important Jumping from topic to topic and landing briefly on each privileges children who know something about those topics from elsewhere. –Liben & Liben, 2012 EngageNY.org41

©2012 Core Knowledge Foundation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Reflect With regard to Listening and Learning, reflect on the value of staying on topic to support of language and vocabulary development. EngageNY.org42