Lights! Camera! Action! Incorporating Digital Video into Online Business Courses Ronald R. Bruce Gwynedd Mercy University Tinyurl.com/bruceiacbe

What we are going to do today Why create video presentations? The tools to create them. How can students access them? How can we design effective ones?

Why Create Video Presentations? Online Courses – Provides a connection with the instructor, (Hughes, 2009) Video introduction to the course – Lectures aimed directly at course objectives. – May increase motivation of online students (Choi and Johnson, 2005) – Students like the fact that they can stop, rewind and re-watch difficult parts of the lecture. (Oberstone, 2008; Hughes, 2009) – Can watch at convenient times. (Ronchetti,2010)

Why create video presentations? Traditional courses – Provide instructions to do technical things Microsoft Excel – Provide an Alternative Instructional Equivalent for missed classes. – Flipped Classroom

The Tools to Create Them Basic tools for the PC or Mac – Jing (free) – Snagit ($50) – Screencast-o-matic (free and pro versions) Advanced tools for the PC or Mac – Adobe Captivate ($300), Presenter (HTML5 support) – Camtasia Studio ($300)

Tools for the ipad Explain Everything – Big files

How can students access it? Hosted site – Youtube – Screencast.com – Vimeo – School-hosted site – Dropbox, google drive

The production process Simple – Create a presentation – Narrate and capture with Jing, Snagit – Share with youtube or screencast Complex – Create a presentation – Narrate presentation in an MP3 file – Submit to multimedia expert

Example Snagit by Techsmith Captures areas of screen Uploads to Screencast.com or Youtube Copies a URL to the clipboard URL can be pasted into a LMS.

Designing Good Learning Experiences Bruce (2013) “Video lectures need to be more planned, organized, and structured than a typical classroom lecture.” “Need to recognize the the student’s attention span and the limitations of the media.”

Gagne’s Events of Instruction (1965) 1.Gain the user’s attention 2.Inform the learner of objectives 3.Stimulate recall of prerequisite information 4.Present information 5.Provide guidance for learning 6.Elicit performance 7.Provide feedback 8.Assess performance 9.Enhance retention and transfer 1.Gain Attention Focus the user’s attention on the material. -Tell a story -Present a problem 2. Inform learner - objectives Not a bland restatement of the behavioral learning objectives 3. Stimulate Recall Bring foundation-level knowledge into main memory. 4. Present Information The learning stuff 5. Provide Guidance -Guided Examples -Metacognitive tips -Demonstrate the thought processes of an expert 6. Elicit Performance Ask the student to demonstrate performance “ Pause the video and complete this problem, when you are finished, resume the video to see the solution.” 7. Provide Feedback Provide feedback for the learner based on their performance. Encourage self-reflection 8. Assess Performance Summative assessment 9. Enhance Retention and Transfer Make it memorable Assist in applying the newly learned material to new situations.

Please rate the effectiveness of the following tools used in this online course.

More complex creation process gagnes-events-of-instruction-to-recorded- lectures/ gagnes-events-of-instruction-to-recorded- lectures/

References Bruce, R.R., (2013), Applying Gagne’s Events of Instruction to Recorded Lectures, Retrieved October 27,2013 from lectures/ lectures/ Choi, H. J., & Johnson, S. D. (2005). The Effect of Context-Based Video Instruction on Learning and Motivation in Online Courses. The American Journal of Distance Education, 19(4), Gagne, R. M., (1985). The Conditions of Learning and Theory of Instruction. New York: CBS College Publishing Hughes, G.D. (2009). Using Videos to Bring Lecture to the Online Classroom. College Quarterly, 12(1),. Retrieved October 27, 2013 from Oberstone, J. (2008). Teaching Inventory Management Simulation Using E-Learning Software: Blackboard, Elluminate Live!, and Jing. International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning (iJAC), 1(2), Ronchetti, M. (2010). Assessing a new methodology for using video-lectures. In Proceedings of World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia and Telecommunications 2010 (pp ). Chesapeake, VA: AACE.