Cells Learning objectives: To know: the functions of the different parts of a cell; the differences between animal and plant cells; the differences between animal and plant cells; the chemical reactions within cells. the chemical reactions within cells.

Mitochondria Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes Cell Membrane Animal cell Draw the diagram of an animal cell, think about where the labels might point to

Mitochondria Ribosomes Cell Membrane Cytoplasm Nucleus

Mitochondria Nucleus Permanent vacuole Ribosomes Cytoplasm Chloroplasts Cell membrane Cellulose cell wall Draw the diagram of an plant cell, think about where the labels might point to

Mitochondria Nucleus Permanent vacuole Ribosomes Cytoplasm Cell membrane Cellulose cell wall Chloroplasts

Nucleus, which controls all the activities of the cell, also contains the instructions for making new cells or new organisms. Cytoplasm, a liquid gel in which most of the chemical reactions needed for life takes place. One of the most important of these is respiration, where oxygen and sugar react to release energy the cell needs. Cell membrane controls the passage of substances in and out of the cell. Mitochondria are structures in the cytoplasm where most of the energy is released during respiration. Ribosomes are where protein synthesis takes place. All the proteins needed in the cell are made here. Animal Cells Add these notes to your labels on the cell diagrams

Plant Cells All plant cells have the structures in an animal cell and: Cell wall made of cellulose which strengthens the cell and gives it support. Many, but not all, plant cells also have: Chloroplasts, found in all the green parts of the plant. They are green because they contain chlorophyll. They absorb light energy to make food by photosynthesis. Permanent vacuole is a space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap, which is important for keeping the cells rigid to support the plant. Add these notes to your labels on the cell diagrams

Chemical reactions that take place in cells are controlled by enzymes. Each enzyme, which are proteins, typically control one specific reaction. Enzymes that control different functions are found in different structures of a cell. Mitochondria formed enzymes control respiration. Chloroplasts form enzymes which control photosynthesis. Protein synthesis enzymes are found on the surface of ribosomes.