Acids and Bases Chapter 24. Acids… Definition: When an acid dissolves in water, H+ ions (charger particles) are formed H+

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Presentation transcript:

Acids and Bases Chapter 24

Acids… Definition: When an acid dissolves in water, H+ ions (charger particles) are formed H+

Acids… H + ions join with H 2 O to form hydronium compounds H 3 O +

Acids… Properties of Acids: 1) tastes sour

Acids… Properties of Acids: 2) Corrosive- can eat away at metals

Acids… Properties of Acids: 3) Can make special compounds called INDICATORS change color. Litmus paper turns RED

Acids… Properties of Acids: 4) Can burn skin

Acids… Examples: Citric acid in fruit Lactic acid in milk Acetic Acid in Vinegar Stomach Acid Battery acid….

Acids… Dissociating (Breaking Up) in Water: HCl + H 2 O  H 3 O + + Cl-

Acids… Strength Strong acids are substances that completely dissociates in water to form as many H+ ions as possible

BASES… Definition: Forms OH- (hydroxide) in water and accepts H+ ions to make water –OH-

BASES… Properties of Bases: 1) tastes bitter

BASES… Properties of Bases: 2) NOT corrosive 3) Also reacts with indicators, LITMUS paper turns BLUE

BASES… Properties of Bases: 4) Can burn skin

BASES… Properties of Bases: 5) Feels slippery

BASES… Examples: Bleach, ammonia Borax Eggs Salt Water Some medicines like milk of magnesia Some other soaps

BASES… Dissociating (Breaking Up) in Water: NaOH + H 2 O  Na + (aq) + OH- (aq) Aq = in water (Aqueous)

BASES… Strength: Completely dissociates in OH- ions

Fit these Examples into the Acid/Base categories Tomatoes HNO 3 Magnesium oxide Mg(OH) 2 Oranges HCl Car battery NaOH Antacid Bleach Ammonia (NH 3 ) Italian Salad Dressing