Music Travels Trends in Italy, Germany, France, and England.

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Music Travels Trends in Italy, Germany, France, and England

Some Organists: Frescobaldi, Sweelinck, and Others Girolamo Frescobaldi (1583–1643) – organist at St. Peter’s in Rome – the toccata and the partite – Cento partite sopra passacagli (1637) [Anthology 1-69] passacaglia chaconne

Some Organists: Frescobaldi, Sweelinck, and Others Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck (1562–1621) – chief organist at Amsterdam’s Oude Kerk – polyphonic vocal music – keyboard compositions organ, harpsichord, virginal

Lutheran Adaptations The Chorale Partita – polyphonic instrumental chorale setting – Scheidt, Christ lag in Todesbanden (1624) [Anthology 1-70]

Lutheran Adaptations The Chorale Partita – polyphonic instrumental chorale setting – Scheidt, Christ lag in Todesbanden (1624) [Anthology 1-70] The Chorale Concerto – mixed vocal and instrumental genre – Schein, Christ lag in Todesbanden (1618) [Anthology 1-71]

Germany, the Thirty Years War, and Heinrich Schütz The Thirty Years War (1618–1648) Heinrich Schütz (1585–1672) – employed by Landgrave Moritz – studied with Gabrieli in Venice (1609–1612) – employed by the Elector of Saxony in in Dresden 1614 – returns to Venice in 1628

The “Luxuriant Style” stylus luxurians stylus gravis Schütz, Symphoniae sacrae (1629) – sacred concertos – O quam tu pulchra es [Anthology 1-72]

Back to Germany at War 1633: Dresden musical establishment disabled Schütz, Kleine geistliche Concerte (1636 and 1639) – up to 5 solo voices and continuo

Back to Germany at War 1648: Peace of Westphalia Symphoniae sacrae, second book (1647) Geistliche Chor-music (1648) Symphoniae sacrae, third book (1650) – Saul, Saul, was verfolgst du mich? [Anthology 1- 73]

Oratorio and Cantata Oratorio Giacomo Carissimi (1605–1674) – Jepthe (1648)

Oratorio and Cantata Cantata Barabara Strozzi (1619–1677) – 8 books of madrigals, cantatas, and arias – Diporti di Euterpe, seventh book (1659) Lagrime mie [Anthology 1-75]

Maddalena Casulana – 3 books of madrigals (1568–1583) Francesca Caccini (1587 – ca. 1641) – book of monodies (1618) – La liberazione di Ruggerio dall’isola d’Alcina (1625)

Tragédie Lyrique: The Politics of Patronage King Louis XIV (1638–1715) Cardinal Jules Mazarin (1602–1661) Jean-Baptiste Lully (1632–1687) Académie Royale de Musique (est. 1669) Tragédie lyrique

Drama as Court Ritual Lully, 13 tragédie lyriques – French Overture – ballet de cour – les vingt-quatre violons du Roi (the 24 violins of the King) – agréments, “graces”

Atys, the King’s Opera (1676) [Anthology 1-76] Libretto by Philippe Quinault (1635–1688)

Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683–1764) Castor et Pollux (1737) [Anthology 1-77] – ariette

Jacobean England James I (reigned 1603–1625) Masques Consort Music

“these distracted times” British Civil War (1640s) Commonwealth (1649–1660)

Stuart Restoration The Restoration Charles II Restoration masques Semi-operas – The Tempest (1674) music by 5 different composers – The Fairy Queen (1692) music by Henry Purcell

Purcell’s Dido and Aeneas and the Question of “English Opera” [Anthology 1-78] Libretto by Nahum Tate Synthesis of French and Italian ingredients – French overture – Italian-style solo singing – Venetian lament