Gavrilo Princip A FREEDOM FIGHTER OR A TERRORIST? BY: AMBER MCKENZIE GAVRILO PRINCIP --- ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA

INTERESTING FACT Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, who was assassinated caused world war I, is my Godfather's, Archduke Karl von Habsburg, great great uncle.

WHO WAS GAVRILO PRINCIP? During his trial he stated "I am a Yugoslav nationalist, aiming for the unification of all Yugoslavs, and I do not care what form of state, but it must be free from Austria." GAVRILO PRINCIP WAS A: Gavrilo Princip was a Bosnian Serb who assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Princip and his accomplices were arrested and implicated a number of members of the Serbian military, leading Austria- Hungary to issue a démarche to Serbia known as the July Ultimatum. This set off a chain of events that led to World War I. Born: 25 July 1894 Obljaj, Bosnia-Herzegovina condominium, Austria-Hungary Died: 28 April 1918 (aged 23) Terezín, Bohemia, Austria-Hungary Nationality: Austro-Hungarian (legal) Yugoslav (self-declared)

Timeline of WW1 1914 Timeline of WW1 July
WW1 starts July 28, 1914 but was triggered on 28 June 1914 by the assassination of the Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (heir to the throne of Austria and Hungary) and his pregnant wife Sophie. 28 June 1914 - The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria took place in in Sarajevo, the capital of the Austro- Hungarian province of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The assassination was perpetrated by a Serbian terrorist group, called The Black Hand and the man who shot Franz Ferdinand and his wife was a Bosnian revolutionary called Gavrilo Princip. July 28,1914: Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia and WW1 begins. July 31,1914: Russia announced mobilization of their army and called upon the French to mobilize.

Principe FAMILY HISTORY The Serbian surname of PRINCIPE was a nickname 'one with the appearance of a prince - one who played the part in a pageant or play'. The name was originally in the Latin form of PRIMUS, meaning 'first', presumably denoting someone who behaved in a regal manner or had won the title in some contest of skill. During the Middle Ages, when people were unable to read or write, signs were needed for all visual identification. For several centuries city streets were filled with signs of all kinds, public houses, tradesmen and even private householders found them necessary. Coats of arms accompanied the development of surnames, becoming hereditary in the same way. The name is also spelt PRINCIP, PRINS, LE PRINCE, PRINZ, DEL PRINCIPE, PRINCIPE and PRINCIPI. An infamous member of the name was Gavrilo PRINCIP (1895-1918) the Serbian nationalist and revolutionary, born in Bosnia. He was a member of a secret Serbian terrorist organization known as the 'Black Hand' dedicated to the achievement of independence for the South Slav peoples from the Austro- Hungarian Empire. On June 28th, 1914, he and a group of young zealots assassinated the archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie on a visit to Sarajevo. The murder precipitated World War I. after Austria declared war on Serbia on 28th July. Princip died in an Austrian prison.

PRINCIP FAMILY PRINCIP FAMILY CREST

TIMELINE OF PRINCIP FAMILY 1894 : Birth= Born on July 25, 1894. 1911 : 16 Years Old The Archduke knew that the visit would be dangerous, knowing his uncle, Emperor Franz Josef, had been the subject of an assassination attempt by the Black Hand in 1911. Just before 10 a.m. on Sunday, the royal couple arrived in Sarajevo by train. In the front car was Fehim Čurčić, the Mayor of Sarajevo and Dr. Gerde, the city's Commissioner of Police. Franz Ferdinand and Sophie were in the second car with Oskar Potiorek and Lieutenant Colonel Count Franz von Harrach. The car's top was rolled back in order to allow the crowds a good view of its occupants.

CONTINUATION OF TIMELINE 1912 17 Years Old In February 1912, Princip took part in protest demonstrations against the Sarajevo authorities, for which he was expelled from school. Following his expulsion, he moved to Belgrade 1914 19 Years Old On 28 June 1914, Gavrilo Princip participated in the assassination in Sarajevo of the Austrian Archduke. General Oskar Potiorek, Governor of the Austrian provinces of Bosnia and Herzegovina had invited Franz Ferdinand and Countess Sophie to the opening of a hospital. 1917 22 Years Old Princip was standing near Moritz Schiller's cafe having apparently given up, when he spotted Franz Ferdinand's car as it drove past, having taken the wrong turn. After realizing the mistake, the driver put his foot on the brake, and began to back up. In doing so the engine of the car stalled and the gears locked, giving Princip his opportunity. Princip stepped forward, drew his FN Model 1910 pistol,, and at a distance of about 1.5 m (five feet), fired twice into the car. Franz Ferdinand was hit in the neck and Sophie (who instinctively covered Franz's body with her own after the first shot) in the abdomen, and they both died before 11 a.m.

CONTINUATION OF TIMELINE 1918= 24 Years Old He died on 28 April 1918 at Terezín 3 years and 10 months after he assassinated the Archduke and Duchess. At the time of his death, Princip weighed around, weakened by malnutrition, blood loss from his amputated arm, and disease. Fearing his bones might become relics for Slav nationalists, Princip’s jailers took the body in secret to an unmarked grave, but a Czech soldier assigned to the burial remembered the location, and in 1920 Princip and the other “Heroes of Vidovdan” were disinterred and brought to Sarajevo, where they were buried together beneath a chapel “built to commemorate for eternity our Serb Heroes” at St. Mark’s Cemetery.

GAVRILO PRINCIP

Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria FAMILY HISTORY: BY: AMBER MCKENZIE

FERDINAND FERDINAND FAMILY CREST

Franz Ferdinand Franz Ferdinand was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia, and from 1889 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro- Hungarian throne.

FRANZ FERDINAND Born: December 18, 1863, Graz Assassinated: June 28, 1914, Sarajevo Spouse: Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg (m. 1900–1914) Children: Princess Sophie von Hohenberg, Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg, Prince Ernst von Hohenberg Franz Ferdinand was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia, and from 1889 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro- Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo precipitated Austria- Hungary's declaration of war against Serbia.

TIMELINE FOR FRANZ FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA: 1863 Birth= Born on December 18, 1863. 1889 25 Years Old In 1889, Franz Ferdinand's life changed dramatically. His cousin Crown Prince Rudolf committed suicide at his hunting lodge in Mayerling, leaving Franz Ferdinand's father, Archduke Karl Ludwig, as first in line to the throne. However, his father died of typhoid fever after the Crown Prince's death. Henceforth, Franz Ferdinand was groomed to succeed.

CONTINUATION OF TIMELINE 1893: 29 Years Old Despite this burden, he did manage to find time for travel and personal pursuits, such as the time he spent hunting kangaroos and emus in Australia in 1893, and the return trip to Austria sailing across the Pacific on the RMS Empress of China from Yokohama to Vancouver. 1894: 30 Years Old In 1894 Franz Ferdinand met Countess Sophie Chotek at a ball in Prague. To be an eligible marriage partner for a member of the Imperial House of Habsburg, one had to be a member of one of the reigning or formerly reigning dynasties of Europe.

CONTINUATION OF TIMELINE 1899: 35 Years Old Finally, in 1899, Emperor Franz Joseph agreed to permit Franz Ferdinand to marry Sophie, on condition that the marriage would be morganatic and that their descendants would not have succession rights to the throne. 1900: 36 Years Old The wedding took place on 1 July 1900, at Reichstadt (now Zákupy) in Bohemia; Franz Joseph did not attend the affair, nor did any archduke including Franz Ferdinand's brothers. 1914 50 Years Old After his assassination in 1914, the Navy honoured Franz Ferdinand and his wife with a lying in state aboard the SMS Viribus Unitis.

MY OPIINION WHAT I THINK??? I think gavrilo princip was a terrorist not a freedom fighter because: Gavrilo Princip assassinated The arch duke Franz Ferdinand here is the story of what happened: After lunch at the City Hall, Franz Ferdinand insisted on visiting the injured attendants in hospital. However, on the way to the hospital the driver took a wrong turn. Realizing his mistake he stopped the car and began to reverse. Another terrorist, named Gavrilo Princip, stepped forward and fired two shots. The first hit the pregnant Sophia in the stomach, she died almost instantly. The second shot hit the Archduke in the neck. He died a short while later. By reading this I came to a realization that Gavrilo Princip Is a murder/terrorist for being part in such a horrible event.

LINK TO TIME LINE http://www.tiki- toki.com/timeline/entry/ 64350/GAVRILO- PRINCIP/#!date=1894- 10-11_11:10:46!

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