WWI Pistols and Rifles by: Tucker Snider

1 The M1879 Reichrevolver compared to the Dreyse M1907 is different in many ways M1879 Reichsrevolver Dreyse M1907 The Dreyse is loaded by a clip and fires a 7.65 mm round, while the Reichsrevolver Is loaded one bullet at a time or by a Speed Loader and fires 10.6 mm round 2 Semi-automatic

3 Webley Revolver .455 Mark 6. Great Britain officially adopted the Webley Revolver for the Royal Army & Navy Service in 1887. It was a break-top, six shoot, double action revolver.

FN Model 1903 Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless 4 These two guns were usually confused with each other. The only major difference if that the FN Model, made in Belgium, can fire both a 9mm and 7.65mm round and the Colt, made in USA, can only fire a 7.65mm round The FN was the second production blowback-operated pistol, designed by famous American arms designer John Browning by 1902 and patented in 1903 FN Model 1903 Colt Model 1903 Pocket Hammerless 5

Colt M1911 7 8 Designed by John M. Browning, manufactured by Colt and adopted for U.S Military. The M1911 has the capacity of seven .45mm rounds, and weights 1080g(2.38lbs) 6

Smith and Wesson Triple Lock 9 10 Smith and Wesson Triple Lock The history of the N-frames began in 1908 with the "Triple Lock" model, featured additional cylinder lock at the cylinder crane, plus two standard locks at the front and rear ends of the cylinder axis/ejector rod. In 1915 S&W got rid off the Triple Lock feature after the beginning of WWI. The US Army was in demand of a new sidearm. S&W rechambered its N-framed second model for US GI .45ACP cartridge. The gun is loaded in half-moon clips for proper case extraction, each clip can hold 3 rounds. These guns were issued to US troops as S&W Model of 1917 revolvers Smith and Wesson 1917 11

12 The Army purchased several thousand New Service revolvers. Known as the Model of 1909. In that same year the "Colt Positive Lock" was also included in the design. It interposed a steel bar between the hammer and the frame, and prevented the revolver from firing if the hammer was inadvertently released while cocking or if the revolver was dropped on its hammer. With the outbreak of World War I, the British purchased .455 revolvers from Colt and S&W. And soon the Army approached S&W in 1916 about a substitute standard handgun and was offered the .45 Hand Ejector, Second Model revolver.

The Roth M.7 has a capacity of ten 8mm Roth rounds 13 Roth Model 1907 Roth M.7 (model 1907) self-loading pistol; bolt is locked back, and a loaded clip is inserted into the gun, ready to load the magazine. The Roth M.7 has a capacity of ten 8mm Roth rounds The Roth Model 1907 pistol bears the distinction of the first semi-automatic (self-loading) pistol that was ever adopted by any major military force in the world.

14 The Luger Parabellum P-08 was the standard sidearm of German Military during WW I and WW II. The Parabellum name comes from ancient Latin saying Si vis Pacem, Para bellum - if you want Peace, prepare for War. The Luger has a eight round magazine w/ 7.65mm rounds

15 The Mannlicher-Schoenauer is a bolt action rifle that dates to 1903 when the 6.5x54mm (.264cal) cartridge and both military and civilian rifles to shoot it were introduced. Austria and Greece adopted the 1903 military rifle and the 6.5x54 cartridge that same year. The 1903 Mannlicher rifles and carbines were the last designs of Ferdinand Ritter Von Mannlicher, who died the next year. Mannlicher-Schoenauer rifles and carbines were exclusively manufactured at Oesterreich Waffenfabrik Gesellschaft Steyr in Steyr, Austria.

16 The Gewehr 88 Commission Rifle saw field service with Germany's colonial expansion, including in China during the Boxer Rebellion, and served as a front line weapon for German troops during World War I until 1915 when there where enough Gewehr 98s. The Gewehr 88 was adopted in 1888 by Germany.

17 SMLE Mk.I 18 P-14 The Lee-Enfield designed at the Royal Small Arms Factory (RSAF) at Enfield, Connecticut. Early Lee-Enfield rifles, officially known as a ".303 caliber, Rifle, Magazine, Lee-Enfield“. In 1903, they introduced a new design, which improved Lee-Enfields in some important respects. The main improvements was the introduction of the "universal" rifle idea. The common thinking of the period was to issue the long rifle for infantry and the carbine for cavalry, artillery and other such troops. The Brits decided to replace this variety of sizes with one, "intermediate" size, that will fit all positions. This "one size fits all" rifle was called ".303 caliber, Rifle, Short, Magazine, Lee-Enfield, Mark 1", or for short, SMLE Mk.I This rifle passed some improvements during the following pre-WW1 years, finalizing in the 1907 as a SMLE Mk.III. This rifle finally appeared in 1914 as an ".303 caliber Enfield Pattern 1914 rifle", or simply a P-14.

Winchester Model 1895 19 21 The Winchester 1895 rifle has been developed by famous designer John Moses Browning. There were about 300 thousand made on Russian military contract between 1915 and 1917. Small numbers of Winchester 1895 rifles were chambered for .30-40 Krag ammunition and fitted into military-type stocks. Compared to contemporary military-type bolt action rifles, Winchester M1895 rifles were slightly faster to operate, thanks to its lever-action system; in Russian pattern these rifles also were fitted with clip guides, which allowed for faster reloading. On the other hand, M1895 rifles were more sensitive to fouling and dirt, than the Mosin M1891 or Mauser 1898, and the lever action was less comfortable to operate when firing from prone position, so typical for XX century warfare.

20 Japanese Army began the search for a new small caliber magazine rifle in 1894, with intention to replace obsolete Murata rifles. For this purpose Imperial Army created the commission, led by Colonel Nariake Arisaka. First design, known as Type 30 rifle showed some deficiencies during the Russo-Japanese war of 1905, and the updated design appeared in 1905-1906 as the Type 38 rifle, generally known as Arisaka type 38. This rifle, chambered for relatively mild 6.5x50SR ammunition, was manufactured in several versions, including long rifle and carbine variants.

U.S. Springfield 22 The Springfield, manufactured in the U.S. (at Springfield, Massachusetts), was the standard wartime rifle of the U.S. army. It was reliable and produced in a short-barrelled version for issue to the American Expeditionary Force. In short supply however around half of U.S. soldiers in the field were issued with the M1917 'American Enfield'. The performance of the U.S. rifle was comparable to the British Lee-Enfield, and was also produced in a Mk1 automatic version. The Springfield utilised a licensed Mauser action. Derivatives of the Springfield remained in use until the Korean War.

French Berthier 23 The French discovered a serious practical defect in their standard issue Lebel rifle. Thus, two years into the war, the Berthier was issued as an improvement. Officially titled the Fusil d'Infanterie Modele 1907, Transforme 1915, the replacement rifle was, like the Lee-Enfield, clip loaded. The original Berthier (designed in 1907) nevertheless suffered, like its predecessor, from a design flaw - its magazine held only three rounds. A modified version, produced in 1915, increased this to five rounds. The result was the Fusil modele 1916, loaded from a six-round clip or charger.

Carcano 24 The Mannlicher-Carcano, was adopted by the Italian army in 1891. The rifle was developed by the team, led by M. Carcano, under supervision of the government commission, led by the general Paraviccini, at Terni state arsenal. M91 rifle was available in several modifications, including long infantry rifle, short cavalry carbine, and carbine for special troops These rifles served as a standard with Italian army until 1938.

The Mosin-Nagant rifle,was developed under the government commission in the late 1880s and early 1890s, and was officially adopted for service by the Russian Tsar in 1891. Since the Russian arms industry was not ready to produce this rifle at the moment of adoption, the first batches of the M1891 rifle were purchased from Chatelleraut Arms factory of France, and a full-scale local production began only in 1894 - 1895 at two major Russian state arms factories, at Izhevsk and Tula. Foreign contractors were used once again to manufacture this rifle in 1916 and 1917, during the First World War, when Russia was in desperate need fort more rifles. Contracts were signed with two major American companies, Remington and Westinghouse, which manufactured large numbers of the improved pattern M1891/10 rifle. During the local clashes and revolutions in 1917 most of these rifles were not delivered to the Russian government and later were used in USA for training and sold for civilians.

Fedorov Avtomat 25 Captain V. Fedorov of the Russian Imperial Army (later - a general of Soviet Army) started development of the self-loading rifle in 1915, however, the need for lightweight automatic arms forced Russian Army to order manufacture of Fedorov automatic rifles with detachable magazines of bigger capacity. Since production of the new cartridge was out of question, it was decided to convert 6,5mm Fedorov rifles to Japanese 6,5x50SR Arisaka ammunition which was in abundance, being purchased through Great Britain along with Arisaka rifles. The change of ammunition involved only minimal changes to the rifle, including chamber insert and newrange scale for rear sights. In 1916 Weapons Committee of Russian Army decided that it is necessary to order at least 25 000 of Fedorov automatic rifles. It is interesting that at the time of initial orders Russian Army considered Fedorov automatic rifles as substitute light machine guns; although in actual use Fedorov rifles were used as individual armament for infantry soldiers,exactly in the tactical niche of modern assault rifles. Fedorov automatic rifles served with Russian and later with Red (soviet) Army through WW1.

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