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Objectives Diagnose problems relating to hardware components and the boot process Troubleshoot disk storage and RAID Troubleshoot network problems and use diagnostic utilities, such as ping and nslookup Identify and resolve common NOS problems 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 2

Troubleshooting Power Mains power failure requires UPS then backup generator For PSU, check fuses then test unit with multimeter or PSU tester Alternatively swap out PSU 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 3

Troubleshooting POST POST not running – What has changed? – Check cabling and connectors – Strip out adapters / modules – Use diagnostics – Check jumpers have not been incorrectly set – CMOS battery POST error codes OS loader failures 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 4

Using Diagnostics 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 5

Causes of Component Failure Overheating ECC / Parity Memory Errors Troubleshooting Incompatible Components – Processor Appears Not To Work – New Memory Not Recognized 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 6

Troubleshooting Storage Symptoms – Bad sectors – Data corruption – Cannot mount drive / access logical drive – Constant LED activity – Noise Issues – Hard Disk Not Accessible – Configuration – File System Structure Disk Utilities 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 7

Troubleshooting RAID Detecting failed drive / array degraded Replace missing disk as quickly as possible Rebuilding can reduce performance though Cache / cache battery failures 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 8

Troubleshooting Disk Performance It’s not always the disk itself... – Network not disks? – Background processes? – RAID cache tuning? – Low disk space? – Protocol / software problem? – Drive / controller firmware? – Paging? – Malware / faulty process? 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 9

Troubleshooting Network Problems 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 10

Troubleshooting Cabling What has changed? Is it really a hardware problem? Diagnostic LEDs – check configuration Driver update Check switch configuration (port / VLAN settings) Substitute patch cable Test permanent link 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 11

Troubleshooting IP Configuration Verify configuration (ipconfig / ifconfig) Check DHCP Test connectivity with ping – Loopback – Workstation address – Default gateway (or other local host) 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 12

Troubleshooting Routing Issues Check router Investigate local routing table Use tracert to test path between hosts 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 13

Troubleshooting Name Resolution Different OS’s / networks perform name resolution in different ways HOSTS file Check DNS server is available Check DNS server configuration with nslookup Troubleshoot NetBIOS / WINS with nbtstat 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 14

Troubleshooting Services Protocol / application specific issues Check logs Use Protocol Analyzer Verify open ports with netstat 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 15

Other Network Issues Troubleshooting Firewall Issues Troubleshooting Service Provider Issues 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 16

Troubleshooting Software Problems (1) Drivers Services Blue Screens Runaway Processes and Memory Leaks Slow OS Performance Shut Down 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 17

Troubleshooting Software Problems (2) Print Problems System Log Patch Update Failure Permissions Encryption 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 18

Review Diagnose problems relating to hardware components and the boot process Troubleshoot disk storage and RAID Troubleshoot network problems and use diagnostic utilities, such as ping and nslookup Identify and resolve common NOS problems 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 19

Labs Lab 14 Troubleshooting 5.2 Troubleshooting ScenariosSlide 20