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2. Objectives Implement data and security backup and archive strategies and technologies 5.6 Backup 442

3. Backup Plans and Policies 5.6 Backup 442

4. Backups are for security (copy) Archives are for material that does not require “live” access but cannot be deleted (move) Archives probably need to be backed up! Archiving and Backups 5.6 Backup 442

5. Backup Types Backups can use different types to trade- off media capacity, backup time, and restore time o Mix full with incremental (changed data since last backup) o Mix full with differential (changed data since last full backup) Do not mix incremental with differential Normal (copy) and selective backups 5.6 Backup 443

6. Backups need to maintain a version of files to different points in time e.g: o Data as it was in each of the last 5 days o Data as it was at the end of the last 4 weeks o Data as it was at the end of the last 12 months Short-term copies for version rollback Long-term retention Recovery window Recovery Point Objective (RPO) Retention Policy 5.6 Backup 444

7. Database Backups Databases and open files and 24x7 access are challenging Can backup at file, table, or record (transaction) level 5.6 Backup 445

8. Snapshots File systems supporting snapshots allow read-only copies of data to be taken Allows backup software to run on copy or for user to preserve file versions 5.6 Backup 446

9. Traditional system restore might involve repartitioning disk, reinstalling OS, then restoring data from backup Bare metal backup can be applied directly to a new drive Requires high capacity storage media Backout contingency plans System Backups 5.6 Backup 447

10. Media types Linear Access (Tape) Disk-to-disk backup High capacity and cheap Portable drives for SMEs NAS and SAN (tiered storage) o Online o Nearline o Offline Backup Execution and Frequency 5.6 Backup 447

11. Supports retention policy and maximizes available media capacity Grandfather, Father, Son (GFS) o Daily backups (incremental or differential) reuse the son tapes each week o Weekly full backups are written to the father tapes, one for each week of the month except the last o The final weekly backup is written to the monthly grandfather tape set Storage issues o Security o Offsite copies Media Rotation 5.6 Backup 448

12. Restoring Data and Verifying Backups Media compatibility Error detection Configuration Test restore 5.6 Backup 450

13. Review Implement data and security backup and archive strategies and technologies 5.6 Backup 452

14. Labs Lab 16 / Backup 5.6 Backup