By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

Christófo Colón [ ]

Columbus’ Four Voyages

Ferdinand Magellan & the First Circumnavigation of the World: Early 16c

European Explorations Looking for “El Dorado” Another legend, known to the Indians for many years, but which seems to have come to the notice of the Spaniards about 1535, concerned El Dorado, or the "gilded man". It was said that once or twice a year this legendary king, his body covered with powdered gold, appeared before his people by a lake high up amid the mountains. Thus gilded and resplendent, he would push off in a raft for the centre of the lake where he would throw into the water offerings of gold and other precious things. After this he plunged into the lake and bathed in it. (“The Legend of El Dorado”)

Fernando Cortes The First Spanish Conquests: The Aztecs Montezuma II vs.vs.

The Death of Montezuma II

Mexico Surrenders to Cortés

Francisco Pizarro The First Spanish Conquests: The Incas AtahualpaAtahualpa vs.vs.

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The “Columbian Exchange”  Squash  Avocado  Peppers  Sweet Potatoes  Turkey  Pumpkin  Tobacco  Quinine  Cocoa  Pineapple  Cassava  POTATO  Peanut  TOMATO  Vanilla  MAIZE  Syphilis  Olive  COFFEE BEAN  Banana  Rice  Onion  Turnip  Honeybee  Barley  Grape  Peach  SUGAR CANE  Oats  Citrus Fruits  Pear  Wheat  HORSE  Cattle  Sheep  Pigs  Smallpox  Flu  Typhus  Measles  Malaria  Diptheria  Whooping Cough  Trinkets  Liquor  GUNS

Cycle of Conquest & Colonization Explorers Conquistadores Missionaries Permanent Settlers Official European Colony!

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

Slave Ship

“Coffin” Position Below Deck

African Captives Thrown Overboard

Slaves Working in a Brazilian Sugar Mill

Sacrifice of the First-Born by Theodore de Bry

MercantilismMercantilism The economy and trade are essential to the health and safety of the nation. 1.Get as much gold and silver as you can. 2.Establish a favorable balance of trade. 3.Get colonies.

Treasures from the Americas!

The Colonial Class System PeninsularesPeninsulares CreolesCreoles MestizosMestizosMulattosMulattos Native Indians Black Slaves

The Influence of the Colonial Catholic Church Guadalajara Cathedral Guadalajara Cathedral Our Lady of Guadalupe Our Lady of Guadalupe Spanish Mission Spanish Mission

The Treaty of Tordesillas, 1494 & The Pope’s Line of Demarcation

Father Bartolomé de Las Casas As a settler in the New World he witnessed, and was driven to oppose, the torture and genocide of the Native Americans by the Spanish colonists and advocated before King Charles V on behalf of rights for the natives. Originally having proposed to replace the slave labor of the natives with the importation of slaves from Africa, he eventually recanted this stance as well and became an advocate for the Africans in the colonies.Wikipedia New Laws --> attempted to end economedia

European Empires in the Americas