1. Aim: What changes did the Spanish Conquest of South America bring? Do Now: How would life be different if another country took over the U.S.?

2. The Influence of the Colonial Catholic Church Guadalajara Cathedral Guadalajara Cathedral Our Lady of Guadalupe Our Lady of Guadalupe Spanish Mission Spanish Mission

3. I. Impact of the Spanish Rule on South America A. Religious Conversions 1. Catholic missionaries (Jesuits) converted native people to Catholicism

4. B. Genocide by Disease 1. Spaniards unknowingly brought infectious diseases (influenza, smallpox) to native populations. 2. Killed millions of people between 1520-1600

5. Of all the organisms Europeans brought to America, none were more harmful to Native Americans than Old World diseases (Cronon 1983). The Europeans brought with them smallpox, measles, diphtheria, trachoma, whooping cough, chicken pox, bubonic plague (carried by fleas, which were carried by European rats), malaria, typhoid fever, cholera, yellow fever, dengue fever, scarlet fever, amebic dysentery, influenza, and a number of worm infections (Figure 3). Native Americans had absolutely no antibodies to these diseases. To say that the effect of these illnesses on the population of the Americas was devastating would be an understatement. WHAT ROLE DID DISEASE PLAY IN SPANISH CONQUEST???

7. C. Slave Trade 1. Imported African slaves to work on large plantations

8. D. Cultural Diffusion Native goods such as Corn Potatoes, tomatoes, sugar, Chocolate, Peanuts introduced to the rest of Europe

9. The “Columbian Exchange”  Squash  Avocado  Peppers  Sweet Potatoes  Turkey  Pumpkin  Tobacco  Quinine  Cocoa  Pineapple  Cassava  POTATO  Peanut  TOMATO  Vanilla  MAIZE  Syphilis  Olive  COFFEE BEAN  Banana  Rice  Onion  Turnip  Honeybee  Barley  Grape  Peach  SUGAR CANE  Oats  Citrus Fruits  Pear  Wheat  HORSE  Cattle  Sheep  Pigs  Smallpox  Flu  Typhus  Measles  Malaria  Diptheria  Whooping Cough  Trinkets  Liquor  GUNS

11. Cycle of Conquest & Colonization Explorers Conquistadores Missionaries Permanent Settlers Official European Colony!

12. Treasures from the Americas!

13. Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

14. The Slave Trade 1.Existed in Africa before the coming of the Europeans. 2.Portuguese replaced European slaves with Africans. Sugar cane & sugar plantations. First boatload of African slaves brought by the Spanish in 1518. 275,000 enslaved Africans exported to other countries. 3.Between 16 c & 19 c, about 10 million Africans shipped to the Americas.

15. Slave Ship “Middle Passage”

16. “Coffin” Position Below Deck

17. African Captives Thrown Overboard Sharks followed the slave ships!

18. Summary -HOW DID EACH OF THE FOLLOWING LEAD TO EUROPEAN INFLUENCE AND DOMINATION IN THE WORLD???? GUNS: GERMS: STEEL: