+ User Perspectives on Multi-touch Tabletop Therapy Michelle Annett, Fraser Anderson, and Walter Bischof Department of Computing Science University of Alberta, Canada

+ Stroke rehabilitation Many people suffer loss of upper motor ability following a stroke To regain function, therapists encourage repetitive movements to increase muscle strength, coordination, and range of motion These activities are often monotonous and discouraging, causing patients to neglect their treatment

+ Technology to the rescue In recent years, technology has been used to improve stroke rehabilitation Gamification of repetitive movements to increase engagement Use of technology allows customization, progress monitoring, and feedback Previous research shows no intrinsic movement benefits to technology Power is in enjoyment, customization

+ Tabletop therapy Interactive tabletops have several benefits Direct interaction Large, 2D interaction space Ergonomics (supports body weight, allows seated interaction) Challenges User’s expectations increase with commercial products Direct interaction leaves little room for error

+ Study 14 healthy subjects (7 male, y) Performed 4 tasks (2 tech, 2 traditional) Completed questionnaire (Intrinsic Motivation Inventory) Semi-structured interview

+ Tasks

+ Questionnaire responses Higher interest in technology Other subjective dimensions similar

+ Lessons Learned I People enjoyed: Interactivity Animations Sounds Feeling of accomplishment, competition with themselves

+ Lessons Learned II User Expectations P13 notes “if you have an iPad you can see that it registers every motion and gesture... the design of [iPad] games are better” And P12 is “just so used to playing those iPhone games” Frustration and Responsiveness P7 was “irritated at how the tabletop wasn’t too responsive” P8 “felt [they] could handle the physical materials more easily than the digital ones”

+ Takeaways Provide immediate feedback on their actions User-facing aspects cannot be ignored Patients may already be discouraged by the nature of the activities Small frustrations can negate many benefits of technology User expectations will continue to increase Older users currently not familiar with technology, but this will change, and expectations will be higher

+ Thanks