The Can Crusher Group 12 Stanley Andrews Brandon Jefferson

Motivation Wanted to incorporate more electrical design into the idea of the “Can Crusher” Use pneumatic cylinders (3 pneumatic cylinders in this project) Thought it would be something different from previous senior design projects

Objectives Step 1: Can or water bottle is placed into the trash can. Can/Water bottle enters hopper and waits for it to be identified by the optical and reflective sensor. Step 2: Rotary cylinder rotates the object and sends it down the ramp. Step 3: Sorter determines route of the object based on feedback from the sensors. Step 4: If object is a water bottle, the pneumatic cylinder will extend, adjusting the direction of the sorter Step 5: If the object is an aluminum can, it will be routed towards a push cylinder and crushed Step 6: Push cylinder crushes the aluminum cans and sends remains to the storage bin Step 7: Process continues until storage sensor alerts operator that storage bin is 90 %filled. Step 8: Once storage reaches 90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode. Items from storage bin, can then be removed.

Features Fully automatic can crusher and sorter Detect when an object is placed in the hopper Be able to distinguish between an aluminum can and a water bottle Sort the water bottle into a separate storage bin from the aluminum cans Be able to crush the aluminum cans and put into storage bin Detect when the storage bins are full Have three different modes “Standby”, “Operational”, “Stop”

Hopper

Where the bottle and cans will be placed Be able hold 16.9 FL oz. water bottle and oz. aluminum cans Two sensors will mount to detect the object inside the hopper

Sensors Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor Reflective Optical Sensor

Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor Part a) is the ideal circumstance you would want to be in. The sensors should be facing the object on a level plane

Parallax Ultrasonic Sensor PING Ultrasonic Sensor Detector TypeUltrasonic Dimensions16 x 46 x 22(mm) Peaking Operating distance 2-3 (cm) Supply Current30 mA Voltage5 V

Reflective Optical Sensor Banner SM2A312LV Detector TypeRetro-reflective Dimensions66 x 12.2 x 30.7 (mm) Peak operating distance 50mm – 2m Output currentMinimum of 5 mA Voltage V AC TCRT5000 Reflective Optical Sensor Detector typePhototransistor Dimensions10.2 x 5.8 x 7(mm) Peak operating distance 2.5 mm Output current1 mA Emitter Wavelength 950 nm Voltage5 V

Reflective Optical Sensor Get the best results (peak operating distance) at 2.5 mm One of the challenges will be to get it close enough to the object stored in the “hopper”

Aluminum Cans/ Water bottles

Terms of Service We ask that all contents are empty All objects must be placed horizontally in the hopper By default system will be in “standby mode”, once an object is placed inside, the system will go into operational mode If storage bin is full no objects can be placed into the system

Design Overview Hopper RampSorter Can crusher Aluminum Can Sensors Rotary Cylinder Hopper Sensors Rotary cylinder Sorter Storage bin

Design Overview

Sorter The idea is called the “Swinging lid” Uses pneumatic cylinder to be able to “swing” the lid and alter the objects path Routes Aluminum Cans to Can Crusher Routes Water bottles to storage bin

Motors/ Air Compressor Electric motorsAir Compressor Pros Uses Standard Outlet Option to convert AC to DC Very Compact and small to maneuver and place anywhere Cons Most motors only have one speed No way to speed up or slow down the project Very Expenses for high power motors Only can Pros Uses a Standard Outlet Able to adjust the air pressure Ability to control the speed of the motor by the PSI Option to convert AC to DC Not to expensive economy for the budget Can use air solenoid valves that can control of a multiple operated air pressure components Cons Tank will have to be refilled when low on air Will need multiple air hoses Very big hard to hide and maneuver Very loud when filling up the tank

Air Compressor Horsepower (HP)0.33 Tank Capacity (Gallons) 2.0 Tank TypePortable Voltage120 V Amps (Amps)2.0

Pneumatic cylinders Rotary Cylinder Mini cylinder (sorter) Double Acting Cylinder (can crusher)

Kevinkrusher 11.0 KevinKrusher II.0 Chamber Length6 1/2" minimum PSI Cylinder Type Double action 2.0 bore x 6.0 stroke cylinder MountedVertical or Horizontal Price$157.00

Can Crusher Double Action Stroke Pneumatic Cylinder Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa Diameter: 8.5mm (Approx.) Thread Rod Diameter: 9mm (Approx.) Size: 4.5 x 4.5 x 32cm/ 1.8" x 1.8" x 12.6"

Mini Cylinder Double Action Max Pressure: 1.0 Mpa Diameter: 8.5mm (Approx.) Thread Rod Diameter: 6mm (Approx.) Size: 1.5 x 1.1 x 1.5cm/ 0.5" x 0.4" x 0.6"

Cylinders

Air Solenoid Type:2 Position 5 way Voltage: 12V DC Power 2.5W Current.208 Amps Valve Fittings:1/8" BSPT (British standard pipe tapered) Total Needed3

Micro Controller Arduino Uno ATMEGA 328 Operating Voltage5 V Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12 V Input Voltage (limits) 6-20 V Digital I/O Pins14 Analog Input Pins6 DC Current per I/O 40 mA DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA Flash Memory32 KB Clock Speed16

Arduino Uno Schematic

Storage Bins Two storage bins Aluminum Can and Water Bottle Each bin will have Parallax Ultrasonic sensor Once storage reaches 90%. Can crusher goes into “Stop” mode

Enclosure Trash CanCabinet

LEDs Green Operational mode Yellow Standby Mode Default Red Stop Mode Blinking Red Indicates to user when the Aluminum Can storage bin is full Blinking Red Indicates to user when the water bottle storage bin is full

LED Schematic

Power Supply 120 AC Transformer AC/DC +- 12V +-5V 12 V DC Air Solenoid (3) 5 V DC Microcontroller LEDs Sensors

Power Supply Schematic

Work Distribution Stanley AndrewsBrandon Jefferson Power Supply Sensors Solenoids/ Cylinders Microcontroller Printed Circuit Board Software Implementation

Budget NomenclatureCost (each)NumberTotal Cost Optical Sensor$ TCRT5000 Reflective Sensor $1.0010$10.00 Double Acting Cylinder$29.991$38.46 Mini Cylinder$16.471$21.61 Rotary Cylinder$40.00 – $55.001$60.00 Air Solenoid$11.204$57.54 Air Valve Fittings$1.4814$26.63 Air Valve Mufflers$1.198$15.05 LEDs$1.99-$3.505$20.00 Development Board$121$14.78 Air Compressor$99.991$ PCB$ Miscellaneous$ Total Cost$1040$630.40

Progression

Issues Clear object detection Sorter Software Design

Questions