Cognitive Psychology, 2 nd Ed. Chapter 13 Problem Solving.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Problem solving Problem solving: cognitive processes focused on achieving a specific goal. Strategies of problem solving: Trial and error, algorithms and.

Advertisements

Copyright Reserved ©: Dr Ahmad Bassit. What is Creativity? The creation of the new and the rearranging of the old in different & new ways.

COGNITION AND LANGUAGE Pertemuan 6 Matakuliah: O0072 / Pengantar Psikologi Tahun: 2008.

Problem Solving And Decision Making

Cognitive Processes PSY 334 Chapter 8 – Problem Solving May 21, 2003.

Problem Solving Shortcuts through the Problem Space.

Cognitive - problem_solving.ppt © 2001 Laura Snodgrass, Ph.D.1 Problem Solving Well-defined versus ill-defined problems Creativity Polya’s stages of problem.

Cognitive Processes PSY 334 Chapter 8 – Problem Solving.

Cognition Thoughts, Beliefs, and Attitudes. Moving from thoughts to behavior Concepts Propositions Behavior Mental Models.

Problem-solving when you are trying to a achieve a goal, but the solution is not immediately obvious e.g., 2 X 5 = ? –not a problem, solution is immediately.

Problem solving and Creativity. Problem solving What is problem solving? Weak and strong methods Much of our life is spent solving problems? Homework.

Problem Solving & Creativity Dr. Claudia J. Stanny EXP 4507 Memory & Cognition Spring 2009.

* Problem solving: active efforts to discover what must be done to achieve a goal that is not readily attainable.

Brute Force Search Depth-first or Breadth-first search

ED 260-Educational Psychology Ashley Swanson. This Week’s Topics Module 13-Transfer of Skills and Knowledge Module 14-Critical Thinking and Problem Solving.

Complex Cognitive Processes

Chapter 9: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Kimberley Clow Problem Solving Kimberley Clow

Cognitive Psychology Chapter 12 Problem Solving.

 Now is the time to be a creative thinker. An artist. A designer. A storyteller.  The world is in need of critical thinkers and problem solvers, people.

Problem-Solving and Reasoning

Copyright © McGraw-Hill, Inc PsychSmart INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY.

© 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. C H A P T E R 9 Complex Cognitive Processes.

Developing Management Skills

Psychology: An Introduction Charles A. Morris & Albert A. Maisto © 2005 Prentice Hall Cognition and Language Chapter 7B.

Cognition and Language Chapter 7. Building Blocks of Thought Language –A flexible system of symbols that enables us to communicate our ideas, thoughts,

Thinking & Problem Solving

Cognitive Psychology: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

What is “Thinking”? Forming ideas Drawing conclusions Expressing thoughts Comprehending the thoughts of others Where does it occur? Distributed throughout.

Introduction to Psychology

WHS AP Psychology Unit 6: Cognition Essential Task 6-2: Identify problem-solving techniques (algorithms and heuristics) as well as factors that influence.

Chapter 10 Cognition, Language, Creativity. Concepts Allow us to think abstractly Concept formation: classify information into meaningful categories (belonging.

© 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 8: Cognition and Language.

Unit 4:Learning and Cognition

Problem Solving, Reasoning, & Judgment Claudia Stanny PSY 2012.

Thinking & Language Ms. Kamburov. Automatic vs. Effortful Processing Automatic Effortful O Barely noticing what you are doing as you do it, taking little.

Cognitive Processes Chapter 8. Studying CognitionLanguage UseVisual CognitionProblem Solving and ReasoningJudgment and Decision MakingRecapping Main Points.

Introduction to Psychology Language and Thought. Language A language is a system of symbols, sounds, meanings, and rules of combination that allows for.

C Pearson Allyn & Bacon Problem Solving Chapter 11.

© 2007 by Prentice Hall1 Chapter 3: Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 3 -

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence (7) Imagery and Concepts Decision Making Problem Solving Language The Nature of Intelligence Emotional Intelligence.

Problem solving What is problem solving? Weak and strong methods.

Ways of solving problems

Chapter 8.  Dolphins, sea lions, parrots, chimpanzees  Vocal apparatus issue  American Sign Language  Allen and Beatrice Gardner (1969)  Chimpanzee.

Chapter 8: Thinking and Language

Complex Cognitive Processes EDP 3004-Chapter 8. Metacognition –Awareness of your own cognitive machinery and how it works –Involves three kinds of knowledge:

Jeanne Ormrod Eighth Edition © 2014, 2011, 2008, 2006, 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Educational Psychology Developing Learners.

Psychology - Warm Up April 10, 2012 Senior Exit Projects - Metacognition If you have not chosen your senior exit topic, please choose chose one for this.

Problem Solving PERTEMUAN Early research on problem- solving A cat placed in a box with a trapdoor was not observed to show behaviour approximating.

Technological Design VS Engineering Design. Technological design and Engineering design are very similar and sometimes the terms are often confused with.

하이퍼링크 By 유학의 명분론 ( 名分論 ) 과 정명사상 ( 正名思想 ) :: obbaya.com 공자의 정명사상 [PDF] 공자의 정명 ( 正名 ) 에 대한 연구 공자의 정명 ( 正名 ) 에 대한.

Problem Solving CSC 1750 Spring References Sprankle, Maureen and Jim Hubbard, Problem Solving and Programming Concepts, Eighth Edition, Prentice.

Psychology: An Introduction Charles A. Morris & Albert A. Maisto © 2005 Prentice Hall Cognition and Language Chapter 7.

Welcome to Jeopardy!.

Cognition: Thinking and Language

Cognition and Language

PROBLEM-SOLVING Why are some problems just so damn darn hard to solve? 1. We don’t take the time to determine what is relevant and end up focusing on irrelevant.

Unit 6: Cognition WHS AP Psychology

Problem Solving A Major Category of Human Cognition

Mr. Leonoff WICHS Psychology

Chapter 10: Algorithm Design Techniques

Cognition and Language

Problem Solving 8.2.

Do Now When given an object we don’t know, how do we go about forming an idea about what it might be?

Unit 7: Cognition AP Psychology

Cognitive Processes PSY 334

Unit 7: Cognition AP Psychology

Cognitive Processes PSY 334

AP Psychology Nov. 28th Objective Opener

Thinking and Language Cognitive Psychology.

Presentation transcript:

Cognitive Psychology, 2 nd Ed. Chapter 13 Problem Solving

Types of Thinking Directed vs. undirected thinking Reproductive vs. productive thinking Well-defined vs. ill-defined problems -initial state, subgoals, and goal -operators & problem space

General Problem Solver Representing the problem properly is critical. -MC problem -monk problem Isomorphic problems -monster problem

Problem Space Search Algorithm -trial and error -systematic search Heuristics -working backwards -analogies -means end analysis

Domain-Specific Knowledge Knowledge is power -finding good representations -learning effective search -metacognitive monitoring

Creativity Historical vs. process creativity -novel product -useful product -special talent Stages of creative process -preparation -incubation -illumination -verification

Creative Blocks Poor representation with unnecessary constraints Fixation Functional fixedness

Historically Creative People Muse or good thinking? Simonton’s Darwinian Model -large number of varied ideas -random selection of variations -individual and societal selection