1. Welcome to Jeopardy!

2. Today’s Categories~ ~ Cognitive Psychology ~ Solving Problems
~ Obstacles to Solving Problems
~ Language
~ Random Cognitive ?’s

3. Obstacles to Solving Problems
Cognitive Psych
Solving Problems
Obstacles to Solving Problems
Language
Random Cognitive ?’s 10 20 30 40 50
100

4. Who are Cognitive Psychologists?
Cognitive Psychology: 10-
Those who study logical and illogical ways in which we create concepts, solve problems, create language, make decisions and form judgments.
Who are Cognitive Psychologists?

5. Cognitive Psychology: 20-
Mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering and communicating.
What is Cognition?

6. Cognitive Psychology: 30-
An individuals mental image that incorporates all the features they associate with a concept.
What is a Prototype?

7. A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas or people.
Cognitive Psychology: 40-
A mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas or people.
What is a Concept?

8. Cognitive Psychology: 50-
Psychologist who believed in Operant Learning due to making associations, imitation and reinforcements.
Who is B. F. Skinner?

9. What is Telegraphic Speech?
Cognitive Psychology: 100-
Early speech state in which a child speaks like a telegram using 2 word phrases made up of nouns and verbs.
What is Telegraphic Speech?

10. A simple thinking strategy that is efficient for solving problems.
What is a Heuristic?

11. A methodical, step-by-step process that always guarantees a solution.
Solving Problems: 20-
A methodical, step-by-step process that always guarantees a solution.
What is an Algorithm?

12. Psychologist who created 5 components dealing with Creativity.
Solving Problems: 30-
Psychologist who created 5 components dealing with Creativity.
Who is Sternberg?

13. A sudden, often novel realization, of the solution to a problem. A-Ha!
Solving Problems: 40-
A sudden, often novel realization, of the solution to a problem. A-Ha!
What is Insight?

14. What is Intrinsic Motivation?
Solving Problems: 50-
An individual being driven more by interest, satisfaction and challenge instead of external rewards or pressures.
What is Intrinsic Motivation?

15. What are Imaginative Thinking Skills ?
Solving Problems: 100-
This provides the ability to see things in a novel way. Helps us to make connections.
What are Imaginative Thinking Skills ?

16. What is Functional Fixedness?
Obstacles to Solving Problems: 10-
When people can only think of objects in terms of their usual functions.
What is Functional Fixedness?

17. What is Confirmation Bias?
Obstacles to Solving Problems: 20-
Tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and ignore or distort contradictory evidence.
What is Confirmation Bias?

18. Obstacles to Solving Problems: 30-
Inability to see a problem from a new perspective. Keep doing what you’ve always done.
What is Fixation?

19. Obstacles to Solving Problems: 40-
When individuals tend to approach a problem in one particular way. We must break this with creativity.
What is our Mental Set?

20. What is a Representative Heuristic?
Obstacles to Solving Problems: 50-
Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to represent, or match, our particular prototypes.
What is a Representative Heuristic?

21. What is Availability Heuristic?
Obstacles to Solving Problems: 100-
Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in our memory.
What is Availability Heuristic?

22. Language: 10-
Rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language.
What is Syntax?

23. The smallest unit that carries meaning; prefixes and suffixes.
Language: 20-
The smallest unit that carries meaning; prefixes and suffixes.
What are Morphemes?

24. Language: 30-
Set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words and sentences in a given language.
What is Semantics?

25. Language: 40-
The smallest distinctive sound unit; about 40 used in English; changes the meaning of the word.
What are Phonemes?

26. The ability to comprehend speech.
Language: 50-
The ability to comprehend speech.
What is Receptive Language?

27. The ability to produce words; develops in 3 different stages.
Language: 100-
The ability to produce words; develops in 3 different stages.
What is Productive Language?

28. What is Overconfidence?
Random Cognitive ?’s: 10-
The tendency to be more confident than correct; over estimate the accuracy of our beliefs.
What is Overconfidence?

29. Random Cognitive ?’s: 20-
An effortless, immediate, automatic feeling or thought used to solve most everyday problems.
What is Intuition?

30. What is Belief Perseverance?
Random Cognitive ?’s: 30-
Clinging to one’s initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited; Prejudice.
What is Belief Perseverance?

31. Random Cognitive ?’s: 40-
The way an issue is presented which can significantly affect someone’s decision or judgment of issues/questions.
What is Framing?

32. Random Cognitive ?’s: 50-
Linguist and Psychologist who believed that language we all have a pre-wired language acquisition device; an inborn universal grammar within us.
Who is Chomsky?

33. What is the Critical Period?
Random Cognitive ?’s: 100-
Time period where we must master certain aspects of language or we will miss the window and the learning capacity of language will never fully develop.
What is the Critical Period?

34. The End