1.4 Interdependence And Adaptation Label the adaptations of the polar bear and explain how they help with survival: What do the following compete for? Animals Plants: Label the adaptations of the fennec (desert fox) and explain how they help with survival: 1.4 Interdependence And Adaptation How can human activity affect the distribution of organisms? Name three adaptations of prey that deter predators. Explain how climate change may lead to a short-haired arctic fox being more likely to survive than a long haired one. Bacteria can be adapted to survive in extreme conditions. Explain how Name the three pieces of equipment and state what they measure How can the following living organisms be used as pollution indicators? Lichens Aquatic invertebrates How is the cactus adapted to survive in the desert? What is a pollution indicator? . What is an extremophile? How are desert animals adapted to cope with very cold nights? Many factors can cause environmental change. Give an example of A living factor A non-living factor

1.4 Interdependence And Adaptation Label the adaptations of the polar bear and explain how they help with survival: Small surface area to volume ratio – minimizes heat loss Small ears / nose Thick fur – insulation Thick layer of body fat – insulation Waterproof fur – reduce heat loss from evaporation when wet White - camouflage What do the following compete for? Animals: food, mates, territory Plants: light, space, water and nutrients from soil Label the adaptations of the fennec (desert fox) and explain how they help with survival: large surface area to volume ratio – increases heat loss Large ears - more heat loss thin fur – increase heat loss Sandy colour - camouflage 1.4 Interdependence And Adaptation How can human activity affect the distribution of organisms? Destroy an animal’s food source or habitat – building, chemicals, farming Introduction of new competing species Global warming Name three adaptations of prey that deter predators. Thorns / poisons / warning colours Explain how climate change may lead to a short-haired arctic fox being more likely to survive than a long hairde one. Temperature is increasing Short haired fox able to lose heat better so less likely to overheat Short haired fox more likely to survive and pass genes on Bacteria can be adapted to survive in extreme conditions. Explain how Tolerate: High salt concentration High temperature High pressure Name the three pieces of equipment and state what they measure maximum-minimum thermometer – temperature Rainfall gauge – rainfall in set time period How can the following living organisms be used as pollution indicators? Lichens Monitor air pollution: higher population = better quality air (less SO2) Aquatic invertebrates monitor water pollution – concentration of dissolved oxygen: ceratin species can tolerate very low O2 How is the cactus adapted to survive in the desert? roots widespread– collect water from a large area Roots deep – collect water because surface likely to dry out quickly No leaves – reduce surface area from which water can be lost Stem able to swell – store water What is a pollution indicator? Living organism that shows the level of pollution in an area through changes in it’s distribution or abundance. What is an extremophile? A microorganism that is adapted to live in extreme conditions. How are desert animals adapted to cope with very cold nights? Burrows - insulation Many factors can cause environmental change. Give an example of A living factor New competitor eg grey squirrel A non-living factor Change in temperature or rainfall