Sources of Scientific Information in The Web Salah A. Soliman Professor of Pesticide Chemistry and Toxicology Alexandria University October, 2002

International Organizations World Health Organization (WHO): WHO is the international body that created to take all possible actions to prevent and control diseases globally. The web site of the WHO contains lots of document and reports beside the library which considered as the richest source of health related information. WHO is the international body that created to take all possible actions to prevent and control diseases globally. The web site of the WHO contains lots of document and reports beside the library which considered as the richest source of health related information.

The International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS): The IPCS is a joint venture of UNEP, ILO, and who. Its objectives are to establish the scientific bases for assessment of the risk to human health and the environment from exposure to chemicals, through international peer review processes, as a prerequisite for the promotion of chemical safety, and to provide technical assistance in strengthening national capacities for the sound management of chemicals. The Environmental Health Criteria (EHCs) and Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents (CICADs) series as well as the International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs) are among the information packages disseminated by IPCS. The IPCS is a joint venture of UNEP, ILO, and who. Its objectives are to establish the scientific bases for assessment of the risk to human health and the environment from exposure to chemicals, through international peer review processes, as a prerequisite for the promotion of chemical safety, and to provide technical assistance in strengthening national capacities for the sound management of chemicals. The Environmental Health Criteria (EHCs) and Concise International Chemical Assessment Documents (CICADs) series as well as the International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs) are among the information packages disseminated by IPCS.

International Forum on Chemical Safety (IFCS): IFCS is a unique, over-arching mechanism to develop and promote strategies and partnerships among national governments, intergovernmental and non- governmental organizations. Developed and suggested strategies and plans on chemical safety may be discussed or obtained through IFCS site. IFCS is a unique, over-arching mechanism to develop and promote strategies and partnerships among national governments, intergovernmental and non- governmental organizations. Developed and suggested strategies and plans on chemical safety may be discussed or obtained through IFCS site.

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): IARC conducts a program of research concentrating particularly on the epidemiology of cancer and the study of potential carcinogens in the human environment. The publications of the Agency are intended to contribute to the dissemination of authoritative information on different aspects of cancer research. IARC conducts a program of research concentrating particularly on the epidemiology of cancer and the study of potential carcinogens in the human environment. The publications of the Agency are intended to contribute to the dissemination of authoritative information on different aspects of cancer research.

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO): FAO was founded in 1945 with a mandate to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living, to improve agriculture productivity, and to better the condition of rural populations. FAO was founded in 1945 with a mandate to raise levels of nutrition and standards of living, to improve agriculture productivity, and to better the condition of rural populations. A whole lot of information covering all aspects of agricultural activities and development are disseminated by FAO and its library. A whole lot of information covering all aspects of agricultural activities and development are disseminated by FAO and its library.

The Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR): JMPR serves as a scientific advisory body to FAO, WHO, their member governments, and to the Codex Alimentarius Commission. It performs a vital function in providing a reliable source of advice, and some countries use information from JMPR in formulating their own regulatory programs. JMPR serves as a scientific advisory body to FAO, WHO, their member governments, and to the Codex Alimentarius Commission. It performs a vital function in providing a reliable source of advice, and some countries use information from JMPR in formulating their own regulatory programs.

The Inter-Organization Program for the Sound Management of Chemicals (IOMC): IOMC was established in 1995 as a joint venture of UNEP, ILO, FAO, WHO, the UN Industrial Development Organization, and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). IOMC was established in 1995 as a joint venture of UNEP, ILO, FAO, WHO, the UN Industrial Development Organization, and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). IOMC is to promote coordination of the policies and activities pursued by the Participating Organizations to achieve the sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the environment. It provides an Internet Guide to the activities and programs of the PO. IOMC is to promote coordination of the policies and activities pursued by the Participating Organizations to achieve the sound management of chemicals in relation to human health and the environment. It provides an Internet Guide to the activities and programs of the PO.

Regional and Multilateral Organizations Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): The OECD groups 30 countries sharing a commitment to democratic government and the market economy. Best known for its publications and its statistics, its work covers economic and social issues from macroeconomics, to trade, education, development and sc ience and innovation. The OECD groups 30 countries sharing a commitment to democratic government and the market economy. Best known for its publications and its statistics, its work covers economic and social issues from macroeconomics, to trade, education, development and sc ience and innovation.

The European Union (EU): EU web site provides a whole lot of information covering many subjects and activities ranging from agriculture, energy, economy, food safety and public health, to foreign and security policy. EU web site provides a whole lot of information covering many subjects and activities ranging from agriculture, energy, economy, food safety and public health, to foreign and security policy.

The European Chemical Bureau (ECB): The ECB provides scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies related to dangerous chemicals. It co-ordinates the EU risk assessment programs covering the risks posed by existing and new substances to the humans and the environment. The ECB is the focal point for collecting information on new and existing chemicals. The ECB provides scientific and technical support for the conception, development, implementation and monitoring of EU policies related to dangerous chemicals. It co-ordinates the EU risk assessment programs covering the risks posed by existing and new substances to the humans and the environment. The ECB is the focal point for collecting information on new and existing chemicals.

Scientific and Industrial Associations The Chemical Industry Institute of Toxicology (CIIT): CIIT conducts biochemical research studies and provides training programs with the hope to advance the quality of science used to address environmental and public health issues. CIIT conducts biochemical research studies and provides training programs with the hope to advance the quality of science used to address environmental and public health issues.

CropLife International: CropLife International is a global network representing the plant science industry. Its commitment is to contribute in promoting sustainable agriculture. CropLife International is a global network representing the plant science industry. Its commitment is to contribute in promoting sustainable agriculture.

The Japanese National Institute of Health Sciences (JNIHS): JNIHS is responsible for conducting basic research to insure the quality, efficacy and safety of a wide range of products that directly and indirectly affect the populace. It provides information services on foods, drugs and chemicals. At the JNIHS, Prof. Sekizawa has created a database on chemical risk assessment that can be exchanged.

US Government Agencies EPA Office of Pesticide Programs: EPA Office of Pesticide Programs: Responsible for overall pesticide regulation with special programs on agricultural workers, and pesticide applicators. Specific programs include the promotion of the reduction of pesticide use, establishment of tolerance levels for food, and investigation of pesticide releases and exposure events. Responsible for overall pesticide regulation with special programs on agricultural workers, and pesticide applicators. Specific programs include the promotion of the reduction of pesticide use, establishment of tolerance levels for food, and investigation of pesticide releases and exposure events. WWW. epa.gov/pesticides WWW. epa.gov/pesticidesWWW. epa.gov/pesticidesWWW. epa.gov/pesticides

US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): EPA is responsible for registration and regulation aspects of industrial and pesticidal chemicals. EPA produces wide range of highly important documents and publications covering all aspects of environmental and health effects of chemicals and risk assessment. EPA is responsible for registration and regulation aspects of industrial and pesticidal chemicals. EPA produces wide range of highly important documents and publications covering all aspects of environmental and health effects of chemicals and risk assessment. www. epa.gov www. epa.govwww. epa.govwww. epa.gov

* EPA/OPP Certification and Worker Protection Branch: * EPA/OPP Certification and Worker Protection Branch: Within the office of pesticide programs, the Certification and Worker Protection Branch deals with worker-related pesticide issues and pesticide applicator certification activities. Special emphasis is placed on the adequate training of farm workers, pesticide applicators, and health care providers.Various training materials in several languages are available. Within the office of pesticide programs, the Certification and Worker Protection Branch deals with worker-related pesticide issues and pesticide applicator certification activities. Special emphasis is placed on the adequate training of farm workers, pesticide applicators, and health care providers.Various training materials in several languages are available.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): More than 100 million workers and 6.5 million employers are covered under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, which covers workers in pesticide manufacturing. OSHA sets protective workplace standards, and offers employers and employees technical assistance and consultation programs. More than 100 million workers and 6.5 million employers are covered under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, which covers workers in pesticide manufacturing. OSHA sets protective workplace standards, and offers employers and employees technical assistance and consultation programs.

USDA Extension Service: USDA’s Extension Service works with its university partners, the state-land grant systems, to provide farmers and ranchers information to reduce and prevent agriculture-related incidents. The Pesticide Applicators Training program trains applicators in the safe use of pesticides and coordinates pesticide-related safety training programs. USDA’s Extension Service works with its university partners, the state-land grant systems, to provide farmers and ranchers information to reduce and prevent agriculture-related incidents. The Pesticide Applicators Training program trains applicators in the safe use of pesticides and coordinates pesticide-related safety training programs.

US National Institute of Health (NIH): NIH provides information on health and research grants and funding opportunities. NIH provides information on health and research grants and funding opportunities.

US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS): The NIHES has a long history of basic and practical research on a wide range of topics of importance to environmental and public health, both through its intramural research and external grant programs. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) is one them. Many interesting documents, reports, and information resources may be downloaded looked at in the web pages of NIEHS including the Environmental Health Perspectives. The NIHES has a long history of basic and practical research on a wide range of topics of importance to environmental and public health, both through its intramural research and external grant programs. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) is one them. Many interesting documents, reports, and information resources may be downloaded looked at in the web pages of NIEHS including the Environmental Health Perspectives.

US Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC): CDC serves as the national focus for developing and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion and education activities designed to improve the health of US citizens. CDC serves as the national focus for developing and applying disease prevention and control, environmental health, and health promotion and education activities designed to improve the health of US citizens.

Agency for Toxic Substances Disease Registry (ATSDR): ATSDR prepares toxicological profiles for hazardous substances, including pesticides, that pose the most significant potential threat to human health as determined collaboratively with the USEPA. ATSDR prepares toxicological profiles for hazardous substances, including pesticides, that pose the most significant potential threat to human health as determined collaboratively with the USEPA. ATSDR also produces several other important publications and training materials focusing on health and managing hazardous substances incidents. ATSDR also produces several other important publications and training materials focusing on health and managing hazardous substances incidents.

National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH): NCEH Provides environmental pesticide case surveillance and disease outbreak investigations. NCEH Provides environmental pesticide case surveillance and disease outbreak investigations.

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): NIOSH is the US federal agency responsible for conducting research on occupational disease and injury. NIOSH may investigate potentially hazardous working conditions upon request, makes recommendations on preventing workplace disease and injury, and provides training to occupational safety and health professionals. It produces several important documents and publications in these fields. NIOSH is the US federal agency responsible for conducting research on occupational disease and injury. NIOSH may investigate potentially hazardous working conditions upon request, makes recommendations on preventing workplace disease and injury, and provides training to occupational safety and health professionals. It produces several important documents and publications in these fields.

US Food and Drug Administration (FDA): FDA library on the web provides very valuable information on nutritional and food products and additives as well as pharmaceuticals. FDA library on the web provides very valuable information on nutritional and food products and additives as well as pharmaceuticals.

Consortium for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN): CIESIN is a not for profit organization funded by grants from several US and International agencies. The CIESIN goals are to provide access to and enhance the use of information worldwide, advancing understanding of human interactions in the environment and serving the needs of science and public and private decision- making. CIESIN is a not for profit organization funded by grants from several US and International agencies. The CIESIN goals are to provide access to and enhance the use of information worldwide, advancing understanding of human interactions in the environment and serving the needs of science and public and private decision- making.

Some Useful Library Catalogs COPAC: Copac is a union catalogue. It is funded by JISC to provide free access to the merged online catalogues of 22 of the largest university research libraries in the UK and Ireland plus the British Library. Copac is a union catalogue. It is funded by JISC to provide free access to the merged online catalogues of 22 of the largest university research libraries in the UK and Ireland plus the British Library.

The US National Library of Medicine (NLM): NLM is the world’s largest medical library and creator of MEDLINE/PubMed. Through NLM you can search for health information using MEDLINE/PubMed and other resources. NLM is the world’s largest medical library and creator of MEDLINE/PubMed. Through NLM you can search for health information using MEDLINE/PubMed and other resources.

California Digital Library (CDL): The CDL is a “co-library” of the UC campuses, with a focus on digital materials and services. It is responsible for the design, creation, and implementation of system that support the shared collections of the University of California. The CDL is a “co-library” of the UC campuses, with a focus on digital materials and services. It is responsible for the design, creation, and implementation of system that support the shared collections of the University of California.

The British Library (BL): The BL is one of the world great knowledge institutions hold over 150 million items from every age of global civilization historical documents to the latest information for business and research. The BL catalogue is searchable and some of the treasures which open free in London may be viewed all the time. The BL is one of the world great knowledge institutions hold over 150 million items from every age of global civilization historical documents to the latest information for business and research. The BL catalogue is searchable and some of the treasures which open free in London may be viewed all the time.