Miss Springborn Team 6 8 th Grade

M ILITARISM – if your enemy is building up their military, you build up your military, “just in case” A LLIANCES – countries promised to protect each other. When a country gets attacked the “friend” gets pulled in. I MPERIALISM – weaker country that got taken over is mad and fights back N ATIONALISM – if you have strong pride in your country, don’t want it taken over THINK MAIN for Causes of World War I

Use that to help you remember

THE ASSASSINATION OF ARCHDUKE FRANZ FERDINAND OF AUSTRIA- HUNGARY BY A SERBIAN

Archduke Franz Ferdinand & His Family

 Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary went on a visit to Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina which Austria-Hungary had annexed in 1908  Sarajevo was a hotbed of pan-Serbian nationalism  As he drove through Sarajevo on June 28, 1914, seven assassins from the terrorist group Black Hand waited for him – The Black Hand advocated for a greater Serbia Nationalism: Assassination of Ferdinand Archduke Ferdinand and his family

The Assassination: Sarajevo

The Assassin: Gavrilo Princip Gavrilo Princip

Who’s To Blame?

Nationalism: Assassination of Ferdinand  Gavrilo Princip shot and killed Ferdinand  Austria issued an ultimatum to Serbia demanding that Austrian officials take part in any investigation of people found on Serbian territory connected to the assassination  Serbia refused this demand as a violation of its sovereignty  On July 28, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia – A tangled alliance system then began to realize itself

Triple Entente: Triple Alliance: Germany Austria- Hungary Italy Britain France Russia

The Major Players: Nicholas II [Rus] George V [Br] Pres. Poincare [Fr] Allied Powers: Franz Josef [A-H] Wilhelm II [Ger] Victor Emmanuel II [It] Central Powers: Enver Pasha [Turkey]

Europe in 1914

The U.S. wanted to remain NEUTRAL at the beginning of WWI. Businesses were making a lot of money off of TRADE with foreign nations. The U.S. was trading with both sides of the war and making tons of money. Both the ALLIES and the CENTRAL POWERS wanted the U.S. to choose sides. War was very good business, and the U.S. did not want to choose sides and lose out on any of the money. However, the U.S. could not stay neutral forever.

ZIMMERMAN NOTE: WRITTEN BY GERMAN AMBASSADOR TO MEXICO TELLING MEXICO TO ATTACK THE U.S.

THE LUSITANIA: PASSENGER SHIP SUNK BY A GERMAN U-BOAT KILLING AMERICANS

PROPAGANDA: BRITAIN WAS SENDING THE U.S. PROPAGANDA TELLING HOW HORRIBLE THE GERMANS WERE BEING

UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE: GERMAN U BOATS WERE ATTACKING ANY SHIPS THAT CAME ACROSS THE ATLANTIC OCEAN

U-Boats

Again the newspapers and propaganda have a lot to do with it. The newspapers use sensationalism to pull the United States into another war. What other war did we just learn about it where Yellow Journalism and propaganda played a role?

In February of 1917, Russia underwent a revolution. The Tsar, Nicholas II was overthrown and a temporary democratic government was put in place. Woodrow Wilson was willing to ally with a Democratic nation. The U.S. entered WWI on April 6 th and in October, a second revolution began in Russia. This revolution, led by Vladimir Lenin leader of the Bolshevik party, resulted in the set-up of a Communist government in Russia. Under the Communist government, the name of the country was changed to U.S.S.R. (Union of Soviet Socialist Republic) or the Soviet Union.

Allied Powers: Central Powers: Germany Austria- Hungary Italy (leaves in 1915) Britain France Russia (drops out in 1917) Also Add: Serbia, Italy (switches sides in 1915) and the United States Also add: The Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria

What’s the big deal with this revolution in Russia?

What is capitalism? Economic system where private citizens own the businesses and property What is communism? Economic system where the government owns the businesses and property

CAPITALISMCOMMUNISM WHO HAS CONTROL OVER INDUSTRY? Private citizensGovernment controls jobs and wages HOW IS WEALTH DISTRIBUTED AMONG THE CITIZENS? Depends on what you earn Government decides WHAT COUNTRIES HAVE THIS TYPE OF ECONOMIC SYSTEM? US, BritainCuba, China, North Korea IS THIS ECONOMIC SYSTEM REALISTIC TO HAVE? WHY OR WHY NOT? Yes – people earn money based on the type of job they have. Competition leads to the best product at the lowest cost. No - the government doesn’t have endless money to buy more businesses

What is the source of this cartoon? What is the name of the note? Zimmerman Note What is the caption? Some Promise! Who does the man on the left represent? GERMANY Who does the man on the right represent? MEXICO What is the message of this cartoon? THE ZIMMERMAN TELEGRAM WAS NOT A GOOD IDEA (joining with Germany against the US is not a good idea)

BUY WAR BONDS- A LOAN TO THE GOVERNMENT FROM THE PEOPLE WHO PURCHASED A BOND

VICTORY GARDENS- PEOPLE WOULD GROW THEIR OWN GARDENS SO THEY DIDN’T HAVE TO BUY FOOD

RECYCLE- RECYCLE MATERIALS SO THEY COULD BE RE-USED AND LESS HAD TO BE PRODUCED

WOMEN TAKE JOBS IN FACTORIES- WITH THE MEN AT WAR IN EUROPE, THE WOMEN NEEDED TO TAKE THESE JOBS

Many things changed in the U.S., also known as the HOMEFRONT during WWI. WOMEN were needed in factories and took the jobs of the men who had left for war. UNIONS were still fighting for better conditions and hours. The WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD started telling factories what to produce. Factories that made dresses and suits, now were manufacturing military uniforms, blankets, and tents. Factories that made cars were now building tanks and planes. Factories that produced cookware were now producing bullets. Everyone did their part to support the troops at war. Also, the SELECTIVE SERVICE ACT was passed on May 18, 1917, which required all men between ages to register to be drafted in the armed forces. This was the first draft in American history.

THE CEASEFIRE: “On the eleventh day of the eleventh month at the eleventh hour it was official, the war was over.” 11:00 AM Fourteen Points League of Nations Treaty of Versailles

President Wilson came up with a plan for peace at the end of WWI in which no country would be blamed for the war. It was called the 14 POINTS. 1) NO SECRET ALLIANCES 2) ABSOLUTE FREEDOM OF THE SEAS IN WARTIME AND PEACETIME 3) EQUAL TRADING RIGHTS FOR ALL NATIONS 4) REDUCTION OF MILITARIES FOR ALL NATIONS 5) NO MORE IMPERIALISM(colonies can govern themselves) 14) LEAGUE OF NATIONS (try to be a peace keeping group) THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES WAS PASSED WHICH INCLUDED ONLY THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS FROM WILSON’S PLAN. THE U.S. REJECTED THE TREATY AND TURNED BACK TO A POLICY OF ISOLATIONISM!

Punished GERMANY severely by Blamed them for the war Took away LAND Limited MILITARY size Forced them to pay war REPARATIONS