OCLC Online Computer Library Center Me, My Space & Eye: Sharing, Privacy and Trust in the Networked World Alane Wilson Computers in Libraries April 16, 2007

OCLC Online Computer Library Center

OCLC Reports

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Me, mine, ours  Individual-driven content rising:  Personal publishing (web pages/Blogs)  Digital images/video (flickr, Picasa, YouTube)  cataloging, tagging. (e.g., del.icio.us, furl, digg, LibraryThing)  The Network as community  Online gaming, VOIP, chat  Community authorship - open content (Wikipedia), open source software  Myspace, Facebook, Twitter: personal presence services  Instant verification:  RSS, blogs, search engines, online news, opinion sites, fact-checking sites, etc. post and process news and opinion swiftly  The wisdom of the crowd  Google’s Page-Rank uses “link-love” to rank value  Amazon recommendations  “hive mind”

OCLC Online Computer Library Center

Driven by Ubicomp Ubiquitous computing names the third wave in computing, just now beginning. First were mainframes, each shared by lots of people. Now we are in the personal computing era, person and machine staring uneasily at each other across the desktop. Next comes ubiquitous computing, or the age of calm technology, when technology recedes into the background of our lives." Mark Weiser  The purpose of a computer is to help you do something else.  The best computer is a quiet, invisible servant.  The more you can do by intuition the smarter you are; the computer should extend your unconscious.  Technology should create calm.  In Designing Calm Technology, Weiser and John Seeley Brown describe calm technology as "that which informs but doesn't demand our focus or attention".

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Survey Respondents – by Geography Link Canada United States United Kingdom Germany 846 France 821 Japan , Total: 6,163

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q525: Thinking of your overall usage of the Internet, how many years would you estimate you have been using the Internet? 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% Less than one year 1 to 3 years 4 to 6 years 7 to 10 years More than 10 years I don't remember Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center The Culture of Paper Q515: Overall, how much time do you estimate you spend reading on a weekly basis? (Including books, magazines, online Web sites, blogs, etc.) 0%5%10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45% Fewer than 5 hours 5 to 10 hours 11 to 20 hours 21 to 30 hours More than 30 hours Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q520: During the last 12 months, has the amount you have read in any format increased, decreased or remained the same? 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80% Increased Remained the same Decreased Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q850. Do you have a current library card? General Public By Country And Age U.S. 18+ U.S Can 18+ Can U.K. 18+ U.K Fr 18+ Fr Ger 18+ Ger Jpn 18+ Jpn Base1, Yes61%72%57%66%55%69%29%34%30%45%55%72% No37%23%40%30%41%27%69%59%69%51%41%18% Not sure2%4%2%4% 3%7%1%4%3%10%

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q855. During the past 12 months, how often did you go to the library either in person or online? General Public By Country TotalU.S.CanadaU.K.FranceGermanyJapan Base6,1631, Daily 1%2% 1%0% 2% Weekly 9% 12%8%9%7%6% Monthly 13% 12% 16%11% 6 to 10 times in the last 12 months 10%12%11%8%9%8%7% 2 to 5 times in the last 12 months 16%20%15%16%10%9%10% Once in the last 12 months 7% 9%4%7%6% I have not been to a library and/or library Web site in the last 12 months but have visited in the past 27%28%31%35%23%35%18% I have never been to the library and/or library Web site 17%7%10%11%29%22%40%

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q870. Which library do you primarily use? General Public By Country TotalU.S. Canada U.K. FranceGermany Japan Base5,0341, Public library74% 76%80%64% 78% Academic/University library 10% 8%17%18%5% School library9%10%9%6%8%10%9% Library from Q8653%2% 3%4% 5% Community College library 2%3%2% 1%3%1% Corporate (company) library 2% 1%6%2% Link

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q530: Online Activities 0%20%40%60%80%100%120% Accessed business-related social networking sites (e.g., LinkedIn, SelectMinds, etc.) Blogged or wrote an online diary/journal Borrowed items or searched for specific items through the library Web site Browsed for information using a search engine (e.g., Google, Yahoo, Ask.com, etc.) Contributed information to other's Web page(s)/site(s) Created Web page(s)/site(s) Read online (electronic) books Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q530: Online Activities (continued) 0%20%40%60%80%100% Read someone's blog Sent or received s Sent or received instant messages Used a social media site (e.g., Flickr, Snapfish, Shutterfly, YouTube, etc.) Used a social networking site (e.g., MySpace, Friendster, Xanga, Facebook, Classmates.com, etc.) Used an online question service (e.g., Yahoo Answers, ask- a-librarian service, Google Answers, etc.) Used chat rooms Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q530: Online Activities-Librarians 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Accessed business- related social networking sites (e.g., LinkedIn, SelectMinds, etc.) Blogged or wrote an online diary/journal Borrowed items or searched for specific items through the library Web site Browsed for information using a search engine (e.g., Google, Yahoo, Ask.com, etc.) Contributed information to other's Web page(s)/site(s) Created Web page(s)/site(s) Read online (electronic) books Read someone's blog Total Librarians Librarians Age 49 or Younger Librarians Age 50 or Older Social Networking: Yes Social Networking: No

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q530: Online Activities-Librarians (continued) 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Sent or received e- mails Sent or received instant messages Used a social media site (e.g., Flickr, Snapfish, Shutterfly, YouTube, etc.) Used a social networking site (e.g., MySpace, Friendster, Xanga, Facebook, Classmates.com, etc.) Used an online question service (e.g., Yahoo Answers, ask-a- librarian service, Google Answers, etc.) Used chat rooms Total Librarians Librarians Age 49 or Younger Librarians Age 50 or Older Social Networking: Yes Social Networking: No

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Privacy Dilemma "Privacy has no one single meaning in society; it has many…privacy has legal, institutional, consumer, medical, workplace, telecommunications and a vast number of other venues in which it plays a role. Consequently, we must live and work in a tapestry of privacy.” Robert O. Mason. “A Tapestry of Privacy: A meta-discussion.”

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Privacy 1 vs Privacy 2  Privacy 1 : Ensuring that your personal information doesn’t fall into the wrong hands. (“Confidentiality”)  Privacy 2 : The ability to go about your daily life without leaving a trail; the ability to read (speak, attend meetings, etc.) anonymously. (“Anonymity”)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Privacy A Poll on Campaign Finance Proposition 1: Who are our political candidates taking money from? This should be public information. (Agree/Disagree?) Proposition 2: What political candidates are you giving money to? This should be public information. (Agree/Disagree?) Steve Worona, EDUCAUSE

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q765: Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself when you were browsing for and/or purchasing music, movies, books and other retail items? Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians address First name Last name Street address Birthday (month, date and year) Telephone number Credit and/or debit card information Subjects of interest (e.g., hobbies, music, articles/journals, etc.) Cell phone number Income 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90% None of the above Books you have read Associations you belong to Social security number Link

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q725: Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social media Web site(s)? 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% 80% 90% Social security number First name Birthday (month, date and year) Marital/relationship status address Last name Physical attributes (e.g., height, weight, etc.) Street address Telephone number Cell phone number Income Credit and/or debit card information Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% 80% 90% Q725: Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social media Web site(s)? (continued) Subjects of interest (e.g., hobbies, music, articles/journals, etc.) Photos/videos Personality attributes (e.g., caring, shy, outgoing, etc.) Sexual preference Books you have read Religious affiliation Associations you belong to Political affiliation Self-published information Health information None of the above Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q625: Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social networking Web site(s)? Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% 80% 90% Social security number First name Birthday (month, date and year) Marital/relationship status address Last name Physical attributes (e.g., height, weight, etc.) Street address Telephone number Cell phone number Income Credit and/or debit card information

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q625: Which of the following types of information have you ever supplied about yourself on social networking Web site(s)? (continued) Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians Subjects of interest (e.g., hobbies, music, articles/journals, etc.) Photos/videos Personality attributes (e.g., caring, shy, outgoing, etc.) Sexual preference Books you have read Religious affiliation Associations you belong to Political affiliation Self-published information Health information None of the above 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% 80% 90% Link

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q1091_4. For each of the following types of information you may have provided at the library, please indicate which of the following you would be willing to share. Items borrowed from the library Base: Used Library In Person Or Online Q1091_4: General Public By Country TotalU.S.CanadaU.K.FranceGermanyJapan Base 5,0991, With no one 36%38%40%38%33%22%39% To set up my personalized services 15%13%15% 18%24%16% To receive notification based on my interests 14%13%17%15%14%21%11% To receive free or discounted goods or services 10%9%12%10%15%14%8% To connect with others with similar interests 6%5%7% 9%5%8% With anyone else using the site 2% 3%5%1% Not sure 17%18%13%14%12%13%19% Not applicable 11% 9%12%11%14%6%

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q1171_1. For each of the following types of information that can be provided at the library, please indicate which of the following you think your users would be willing to share. Their searching/browsing activities from the library Web site or resources By Type Of Library Librarians By Age Librarians By Use Of Social Ntwk/Media/ Business Sites Librarian s TotalPublic Academ icOther 49 Yrs Old Or Younge r 50+ Yrs OldYesNo Respondents With no one 43%46%39%46%39%45%44%42% To set up personalized services 18%17%19%15%21%17%22%14% To receive notification based on their interests 16%15%17%0%17%15%16%15% To connect with others with similar interests 9%8%11%0%9% 8%10% To receive free or discounted goods or services 7%6%9%0%10%6%7% With anyone else using the site 2% 0%3%2% Not sure 26%23%29%38%29%25% 27% Not applicable 1%2%1%0%1%2%1%

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q881_1. Who do you think should have access to your records with respect to the following library information? Your online searching/browsing patterns Q881_1: General Public By Country And Age U.S. 18+ U.S Can 18+ Can U.K. 18+ U.K Fr 18+ Fr Germ 18+ Germ Japan 18+ Japan Base 1, Librarians7%18%11% 16%12%7%2%13%12%15%12% Anyone3%7%2%9%2%4% 5%4%11% Other organizations /groups 2%4%3%6%2% 4%1%3%5%3%7% No one72%52%69%60%66%61%74%77%61% 38%33% Not sure10%14%11% 9%13%6%7%11%9%19%24% Not applicable 6%9%6%3%6%9%6%10%9% 15%14%

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q966_3 In general, when using social networking Web sites, how frequently do you... Provide information online that you might not provide in person? Base: Used Social Networking Site General Public By Country And Age U.S. 18+ U.S Can 18+ Can U.K. 18+ U.K Fr 18+ Fr Ger 18+ Ger Japa n18 + Japa n Base Always2%4%1%6%2%1%0% 5%3%0% Often5% 3%5%4%6%13%0%4%0%9%3% Sometimes16%22%18%27%22%28%21%18%38%32%39%28% Rarely31%24%35%22%26%28%22%56%24%22%23%25% Never41%40%41%36%39%32%37%12%28%34%8%42% Not sure2%4%2%3%4%3%2%0% 15%0% Not applicable3%1% 3%2%5%14%6%7%3%1%

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q1085: Thinking about the library you primarily use, how strongly do you agree or disagree with each of the statements? 60% 54% 48% 41% 34% 32% 18% 63% 58% 51% 45% 37% 33% 19% 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% I trust the library I have the same personality online as I do in person The longer I use the library in person, the more I trust it I trust the people I meet in the library I prefer to remain anonymous The longer I use the library Web site(s), the more I trust it I trust the people I meet through the online library Total U.S. Respondents Librarians

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q1066_5: Considering the library you primarily use, please rate the degree to which you agree or disagree with the following statements about its online Web site: It has rules on how my personal information will be used. 53% strongly agree or somewhat agree 12% neither agree nor disagree 3% somewhat disagree 24% not sure 8% not applicable 29% strongly agree 24% somewhat agree 1% strongly disagree Total General Public

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q911: Please rate how private, if at all, the following information is to you. Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians Books you have read Subjects of interest to you (e.g., hobbies, music, articles/journals, etc.) Items you have checked out online from the library Items you have browsed for at an online bookstore Items you have browsed for in person at a bookstore Items you have checked out in person from the library Subjects you searched while using the library Web site Subjects you searched while at the library Items you have purchased from a bookstore in person Items you have purchased from an online bookstore Subjects you have searched on the Internet Library card number Social security number or other government issued personal identification number 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q926: For each of the following, please rate how private, if at all, your activity is while using… Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% Online banking/investment Web sites at home Land line telephones at home Cell phones Search engines Social networking Web sites Social media Web sites Cable TV Online bookstores A library Web site The library's print collections

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q1076: In thinking about privacy, how important, if at all, is it to you that the library you primarily use would keep...? Base: General Public Q1161: Q1161: Please rate how private, if at all, you feel the following information is to your users. Base: Librarians Total General PublicTotal U.S. Respondents Librarians 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% A policy on privacy Your information requested from a librarian in person private Your information requested from the librarian online private Your items that you borrowed from the library in person private Your items that you borrowed from the library online private Your personal information private Your searching/browsing patterns on the library Web site or other online services private Your searching/browsing patterns while at the library in person private

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q971: Thinking about the social networking Web sites you use, how strongly do you agree or disagree 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70% I have the same personality online as I do in person These Web site(s) help build new relationships These Web site(s) help maintain my current relationships The longer I use the Web site(s), the more I trust it I prefer to remain anonymous when using the Web site(s) I trust the Web site(s) I trust the people I meet on the sites Total U.S. Respondents Librarians Link

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Q1210: Library's role to build a social networking site Base: Use the library 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% General PublicTotal U.S. RespondentsLibrarians Not SureNoYes

OCLC Online Computer Library Center What They Said - Why do you think that it should not be the library’s role to build social networking sites in your community?  I don't know. What I do know is that this survey is way too long, and asking the same questions over and over again. Female 20, Canada  Libraries are for collecting and sharing books and other works. That is all. Female, 14 Canada  Their job is to provide books, that’s all. Male 78, US  la bibliothèque a un rôle social, certes mais a comme but essentiel le prêt de livres[The library has a social role, sure but the essential purpose is to lend books.] Female 16, France  Because I think a library is about storing, lending books etc,the more they diversify the worse the service seems to get, they seem to forget their core service to be seen as 'trendy‘ Female 74, UK  The library is there to lend books, not anything else. Libraries are one of the few things left which haven't been too taken over as yet by technology. Female, 17 UK  [Because I think that a library has no business doing that.] Male 18, Japan

OCLC Online Computer Library Center What They Said - Why do you think that it should not be the library’s role to build social networking sites in your community?  ich bestimme meine sozialen Kontakte selbst, dafür brauche ich zuallerletzt die Bibliothek[I determine my social contacts myself. A library is the last place I would go for that.] Male 16, Germany  Because there's plenty of other people and organisations that can do that. Libraries should be about knowledge and learning, not social networking. Besides, libraries aren't 'cool', so it likely wouldn't be a big hit. Female 16, UK  [The duty of a library is the lending out of and referencing of books, and other things are useless.] Male 52, Japan  they are in the business of providing access to information, not access to other people! Male 48, US  The library is a place to go to gain knowledge not find your next wife. Many of the libraries are publically funded so I don't want my money going towards such a program. Male 20, Canada  Libraries are publicly funded and could be doing better things eg more books. Male 69, UK

OCLC Online Computer Library Center What We Said - Why don't you think it should be the library's role to build social networking sites for your community?  It takes too much of the librarian's time---like this survey. (70)  In our library, it would not be used. Our students are apathetic. In a public library, this may be useful and beneficial for the community. Even in a larger academic library it may work for a library to have a myspace presence, but I don't think it would work here. (31)  The only capacity in which I should have a role is for marketing, current awareness, and solicitation for collection development ideas. Otherwise, I have more important things to spend my time on. (42)  We should not reinvent the wheel; successful social networking sites already exist. However, we can take the best parts of social networking sites and incorporate them into our own sites for our own community of users.(32)  In spite of all the 'Library 2.0' BS floating around these days, I do not feel that social networking is a legitimate function of the library. We have PLENTY of other collections and services to keep us busy providing to the public. I simply do not find social network a useful addition to that. (55)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center What We Said - Why don't you think it should be the library's role to build social networking sites for your community?  We've tried. The community prefers the anonymity of commercial sites. In a small town, no matter what your avatar may be--you are known. (60)  social networking isn't one of our purposes (33)  Because the library is designed to collect, organize and disseminate materials that meet the needs of its users. It also has a responsibility to protect the privacy of people using those materials. Social networking sites built by the library would violate that privacy responsibility. However, if users wanted to create a social networking site, the library could have a place within that site as a resource -- just as it does in the 'real' community. (62)  We have a written internet policy against using chat rooms, networking sites, etc. (55)  I don't view libraries as a social environment. A shared environment maybe, but not social. We are about connecting individual users to information - not connecting users with users.(43)  I work in a seminary (53)

OCLC Online Computer Library Center Either/Or or And?

OCLC Online Computer Library Center

Thank you! More to Come! All OCLC reports are available for download at This report’s website Alane –