Functions of Cellular Organelles and Structures
The Cell… Is the smallest unit of life. It is much like a factory. Each organelle functions like a department in a factory. The job of each organelle is to help in the production of protein.
Nucleus Nucleus contains genetic information in chromosomes In a factory it would be the boss or a super computer.
Ribosomes Ribosomes assemble proteins from amino acids Located through out the cell, especially on the Rough ER They are like the workers in the assembly line Ribosome
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Rough endoplasmic reticulum makes membranes and secretory proteins Smooth endoplasmic reticulum makes lipids and helps detoxify or remove harmful substances The ER is like an Assembly line (where workers do their work)
Cell membrane Regulates what enters and leaves the cell Like a gate
Golgi apparatus (Golgi complex) Packages and transports materials Like the post office Proteins enter Proteins exit
Mitochondria/chloroplasts Mitochondria generate energy for the cell Chloroplasts, found only in plants, take Sunlight and turn it into energy. Both are Like a powerplant
Lysosomes Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes to break down materials needed by the cell Like a janitor: cleans up the mess.
Cell Wall Found only in plants. Helps keep the cells shape. Cell Wall
Cytoplasm Factory floor Contains the organelles; site of most cell activity Liquid area where the work is done!
Vacuole The “storage closet” of the cell. Functions as storage compartment. Also used to excrete wastes and secrete materials out of cell. (Wastes and materials sent out of cell) Vacuole
Centriole Helps move things in cell, especially DNA. They are a like dollys!
Cytoskeleton Microtubules, Microfilaments Support beams (walls, ceilings, floors) Maintains Cell’s shape Cell’s “skeleton”
Together These Organelles Work…. To keep the cell going! Every organelle and structure has its importance in the cell.