The Master Gland

 The endocrine system sends and receive hormones to regulate or control many body functions.  The endocrine system includes various organs that regulate body function.

Students will be able to explain the function of the endocrine system after studying its purpose. Students will understand the purpose of the endocrine system after a pre-test, viewing a video, and a post-test and reading chapter 16, lesson 1 and completing the review questions at the end of the lesson.

 age.html age.html

 Main Idea—The endocrine system includes various organs that work together to regulate body functions.  Endocrine glands  Hormones

EndocrineHormones  Ductless or tubeless organs or groups of cells  Secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream  Chemical substances  Help to regulate many body’s functions  Carried to their destinations through the bloodstream  Chemical messengers influence physical and mental responses

During puberty: hormones trigger physical and emotional changes in the body. Growth is controlled by certain hormones Too much or too little of certain hormones may contribute to growth disorders. Factors that may effect hormone levels 1. Stress 2. Infection 3. Changes in the balance of fluids and minerals in the blood

Thyroid 1.Produces hormones 2.Regulates metabolism, body heat 3.bone growth 4.Produces thyroxine, which regulates the way cells releases energy from nutrients Paraththyroid glands 1.Produces hormone that regulates the body’s balance of calcium and phosphor us Testes 1.Male reproducti ve glands 2. Produce sperm for fertilizatio n 3.Control the development of Secondary sex characteristics Ovaries 1.Female reproductive glands that produce the egg cells 2. Control the development of Secondary sex characteristics 3 Hypothalam us 1.Links endocrine and nervous system together to stimulate the pituitary gland to secrete hormones Pineal gland 1.Secretes hormone melatonin, which is thought to affect the onset of puberty and regulates sleep cycles Pituitary gland 1.Regulates and controls the activities of all other endocrine glands Thymus 1.Regulates developm ent of the immune system Adrenal gland 1.Produces hormones that regulate the body’s salt and water balance. 2. Secretions from the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla stimulates several important body functions and 3. Control the body’s emergency response. Pancreas 1.Serves both the digestive and endocrine system 2.As endocrine gland— secretes two hormones —glucagon and insulin— that regulate the level of glucose in the blood

 The Master Gland  Three sections  Anterior lobe  Intermediate Lobe  Posterior Lobe

I. Anterior lobe or front lobe of the pituitary gland produces these hormones: Somatotropic or growth hormones and development by altering chemical activity in body cells. Thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH)—stimulates the thyroid to produce hormones Adrenocorticotropic hormones—stimulates production of hormones in the adrenal glands. Follicle-stimulating hormones--(FSH) and luteinizing hormones (LH) to stimulate production of all other sex hormones. These two hormones are secreted by the anterior lobe during adolescence. They control the growth, development, and functions of the gonads, another name for the ovaries and testes. In females: FSH stimulates cells in ovary to produce estrogen, a female sex hormone that triggers the development of ova, or egg cells. LH: is responsible for ovulation and stimulates ovarian cells to produce progesterone— another female hormone The hormone prolactin—stimulates milk production in females who have given birth. In Males : LH stimulates cells in the testes to produce the males hormone testosterone. FSH—controls the production of sperm.

 Middle lobe of pituitary  Secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)  Controls the darkening of the pigments in the skin

 Rear lobe of pituitary gland  Secretes antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which regulates the balance of water in the body.  ADH also produces oxytocin, which stimulates the smooth muscles in the uterus during pregnancy, causing contractions during the birth of a baby.

 Purpose of the Adrenal Glands Help body deal with stress and response to emergencies  Two parts  The adrenal cortex  The adrenal medulla

Secretes hormone the inhibits the amount of sodium excreted in urine Maintains blood volume Maintain blood pressure Secretes hormones that aid in Metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates Influence Body’s response to stress Plays a role in both the Immune system Sexual function

Controlled by the hypothalamus Controlled by the autonomic nervous system Secretes the hormones 1. Epinephrine and Nor epinephrine aka –ADRENALINE Increases hearth beat and respiration, raises blood pressure and suppresses the digestive process during periods of high emotion.

Main Idea—To keep your endocrine system working at its peak, you need to follow sound health practices. Related to overall health Eat balanced meals Use stress management techniques Teens need hours of sleep every night Engage in regular physical activity to keep body strong Get regular medical check ups

Hormonal May or may not have recognizable symptoms Health care professional can perform tests Disorders Life long effects Stress Infections Changes in Balance of fluids and minerals in blood can cause hormone levels to fluctuate. Most can correct themselves. Serious problems Diabetes Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Goiter or over production of adrenal hormones may require medication.

 htm htm  &article_set=59297&cat_id= &article_set=59297&cat_id=20607

 age.html age.html