Medical Neuroscience Dr. Wiegand

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
By Prof. Saeed Abuel Makarem
Advertisements

Done by: Ahmed Abduljabbar. Objectives  Students will be able to describe the general structure of the Cerebrum and Cerebral Cortex.  Students will.
Normal Cortical Anatomy
Topography of the Cerebral Hemispheres. Surface structures The surface of the brain has complicated folding which substantially increases the surface.
MRI of Brain/Head and Neck
CEREBRAL TRACTS.
The Telencephalon Xiaoming Zhang. The Telencephalon  External features:  2 Cerebral hemispheres (separated by longitudinal cerebral fissure)  Transverse.
By Prof. Saeed Abuel Makarem
Gross Structure of the Brain
SHANDONG UNIVERSITY Liu Zhiyu
Central Nervous System (CNS)
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Central Nervous System (CNS)  CNS = Brain + spinal cord  Surface anatomy includes.
Dr. Zeenat Zaidi Dr. Essam Eldin Salam
Name the large indentation
Brain & Cranial Nerves By Michael J. Harman .
BY PROF. SAEED ABUEL MAKAREM
3- Medullary center (cerebral white mater) 1- Commisural fibers 2- Association fibers 3- Projecting fibers.
(cerebral peduncles). vertebral arteries Anterior spinal artery Posterior inferior cerebellar artery Basilar Artery Labyrinthine artery Anterior.
1 Chapter 2a CNS Gross Anatomy Chris Rorden University of South Carolina Norman J. Arnold School of Public Health Department of Communication Sciences.
The Cerebrum (The Cerebral Hemispheres)
White Matter Of Cerebrum
Central Nervous System (CNS) CNS –brain –spinal cord.
Brain Internal Structure Dr. Nimir Dr. Safaa Objectives Describe the types of fibers in the internal capsule. Identify the basal ganglia nuclei. Identify.
Brain Topography.
FOREBRAIN (TELENCEPHALON)
The Telencephalon 端脑 山东大学医学院解剖教研室 李振华.
IX. cerebrum – 83% of total brain mass
Structure of the Nervous System. The Central nervous System (CNS) Parts of the nervous system that are encased in bone 1.Brain 2.Spinal Cord.
Gross Structure of the Brain. Nervous System  CNS (central nervous system) Brain Spinal Cord  PNS (peripheral nervous system) Peripheral Nerve Ganglion.
Neuroscience External Features - Lateral Surface.
White Matter (Medulla) Dr. Zeenat Zaidi Cerebrum.
The limbic system, or motivational system, includes:
Sulci (sulcus) – grooves on surface of cerebrum. 1) Sensory areas 2) Association areas 3) Motor areas Three kinds of cerebral functional area: Gyri.
Central nervous system (CNS) Brain + Spinal Cord
Overview of: The Telencephalon Haines Chapter 16 Neurology Academic Half-Day Robert Altman PGY 2 March 4th 2009.
At 4 th week, e At 4 th week, each sclerotome becomes subvidided into two parts:  a cranial part, consisting of loosely arranged cells  a caudal part,
Christine Brown Keri Light Bonnie McCormick Laura Williams.
Chapter 15-1 The Brain and Cranial Nerves. The Brain The average male adult brain weighs about 3.5 lbs (1590 gms). Composed of 3 divisions: –Cerebrum.
The Telencephalon 山东大学医学院解剖教研室 李振华.
Gross Structure of the Brain
Chapter 17 Central Nervous System
Diencephalon: position & division (5parts) It lies between cerebrum & midbrain. The narrow space between the left & right diencephalons is the 3 rd ventricle.
CEREBRAL MEDULLA & LATERAL VENTRICLE
White Matter (Medulla) Dr. Zeenat Zaidi Cerebrum.
Limbic system The word limbic means that it lies on the medial rim of the brain between the cerebral cortex and the hypothalamus. So, it consists of a.
Medical Science University of Isfahan, Department of Anatomy
Internal Structure of the Cerebral Hemisphere
BrainDaysIntroduction 14:00-14:45 The rest of the brain 16:30-17:15 Limbic System 14:00-14:45 16:30-17:15 Circuits & functional neuroanatomy Telencephalon.
Cortical gyri and sulci
CEREBRUM Dr. Jamila EL Medany. Objectives At the end of the lecture, the student should be able to:  List the parts of the cerebral hemisphere (cortex,
Brain and Behavior O RGANIZATION OF THE C EREBRAL C ORTEX Gray matter –Cell bodies and dendrites Most common type: Pyramidal cells –Organized.
Internal features of the brain D.Nimer D.Rania Gabr D.Safaa D.Elsherbiny.
生物及解剖學科 陳 瀅 Cerebral cortex 生物及解剖學科 陳 瀅
Lecture: 2 Dr. Eyad M. Hussein Cerebral Hemispheres Ph.D of Neurology
بسم الله الرحمن الرحیم.
The Brain Dr Ayman G. Mustafa. CNS = Brain + Spinal cord Brain is divided into 1.Forebrain 2. Midbrain 3. Hindbrain.
BRIEF INTRO TO CORTICAL NEUROANATOMY
Lab 3.03B.
الاحد 1/12/2013 أ.د.عبد الجبار الحبيطي
Cerebral Cortex I. Organization II. Afferent/Efferent Connections
The Brain By Khaled Na3im Part I.
2 Central Sulcus - separates parietal and frontal lobes
Histology of the central nervous system
CEREBRUM Dr. Jamila EL Medany.
Cerebral Cortex.
GROSS ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN
Anatomy of the cerebral hemispheres
CEREBRAL TRACTS. CEREBRAL TRACTS Categories of Tracts Association: Confined to a given hemisphere. Connect regions of the same hemisphere. Commissural:
Presentation transcript:

Medical Neuroscience Dr. Wiegand Cerebral Cortex Medical Neuroscience Dr. Wiegand

Human cortical expansion not strictly due Comparative Anatomy cat rat human Human cortical expansion not strictly due to enlarged motor or primary sensory areas

Longitudinal fissure Gyri & sulci Lateral or Sylvian fissure

Landmarks Central sulcus Precentral & postcentral gyri Parieto- occipital sulcus Lateral or Sylvian fissure Preoccipital notch

Lobes poles Frontal lobe Parietal lobe operculum Temporal lobe Occipital lobe

Medial Surface Central sulcus Parieto- occipital sulcus Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Occipital

Parietal Lobe Post central gyrus Supramarginal and angular gyri Superior parietal lobule Frontal lobe Sup./mid./inf. gyri Precentral gyrus/sulcus Pars orpercularis, triangularis, orbitalis Temporal Lobe Sup./mid./inf. gyri Transverse gyri

Corpus callosum Callosal sulcus Cingulate gyrus/sulcus Anterior commissure Superior frontal gyrus Paracentral lobule Precuneus Cuneus Calcarine sulcus Lingual gyrus Fornix Septum pellucidum

Gyrus rectus Olfactory sulcus/tract/bulb Olfactory stria Orbital gyri Occipitotemporal gyrus Parahippocampal gyrus & uncus Collateral & rhinal sulci Ant./post. perforated substance

Deep Telencephalic Nuclei claustrum

Gray Matter of the Cerebral Cortex Hippocampal formation = hippocampus + dentate gyrus Archicortex – 3 layers (hippocampus) Neocortex – 6 cellular layers

Neocortex Neocortex – 6 cellular layers Molecular layer – mostly neuropil External granular layer – stellate cells External pyramidal layer – small pyramidal cells Internal granular layer – stellate cells Internal pyramidal layer – large pyramidal cells Multiform layer – multiple cell types

sensory association motor I II III IV V VI Association & Commissural Thalamocortical afferents Corticothalmic efferents Association & Commissural Corticofugal

Brodmann Areas Area 4 = primary motor cortex Areas 3, 1,2 = primary somatosensory cortex Brodmann Areas Areas 41, 42 = primary auditory cortex Area 17 = primary visual cortex

White Matter intracortical intercortical projection fibers

Commissural Fibers Anterior Commissure Posterior Commissure Inf. & mid. temporal gyri, olfactory areas Posterior Commissure Preoptic nuclei (vision) Habenular Commissure Habenular nuclei (olfaction) Corpus Callosum Connects hemispheres Rostrum, genu, body & splenium

Commissural Fibers Anterior Commissure Posterior Commissure Inf. & mid. temporal gyri, olfactory areas Posterior Commissure Preoptic nuclei (vision) Habenular Commissure Habenular nuclei (olfaction) Corpus Callosum Connects hemispheres Rostrum, genu, body & splenium

Association Fibers Short fibers – connect adjacent gyri Long fibers Superior longitudinal fasc. Arcuate fasciculus Inferior longitudinal fasc. Cingulum – septal area, cingulate and parahippocampal gyri Uncinate fasc. – orbital frontal gyri to temporal pole

Projection Fibers

Internal Capsule Organization lateral medial

Cortical Functional Organization Precentral gyrus Similar organization in visual, auditory and somatosensory cortices