Bones Of The Appendicular Skeleton

Compact Bone Model

Articulated pectoral girdle Acromio- clavicular joint Clavicle Scapula (a) Articulated pectoral girdle Figure 7.24a

(a) Right scapula, anterior aspect Acromion Suprascapular notch Superior border Coracoid process Superior angle Glenoid cavity Subscapular fossa Lateral border Medial border Inferior angle (a) Right scapula, anterior aspect Figure 7.25a

(b) Right scapula, posterior aspect Greater tubercle Lesser Inter- tubercular sulcus Lateral supracondylar ridge Radial fossa Capitulum Head of humerus Anatomical neck Deltoid tuberosity Coronoid Medial epicondyle Trochlea (a) Anterior view Coracoid process Suprascapular notch Superior angle Acromion Supraspinous fossa Glenoid cavity at lateral angle Spine Infraspinous fossa Medial border Lateral border (b) Right scapula, posterior aspect Figure 7.25b

Radial notch of the ulna Olecranon process Trochlear notch Coronoid Proximal radioulnar joint Distal radioulnar Styloid process of radius Radius Neck of radius Head of Ulnar notch of the radius Head of ulna Styloid process of ulna Interosseous membrane Ulna Head Neck tuberosity (a) Anterior view (b) Posterior view Figure 7.27a-b

(c) Proximal portion of ulna, lateral view Olecranon process Figure 7.27c-d (c) Proximal portion of ulna, lateral view Olecranon process Trochlear notch Coronoid process Radial notch View (d) Distal ends of the radius and ulna at the wrist Ulnar notch of radius Head of ulna Styloid process Articulation for scaphoid for lunate

(c) Anterior view at the elbow region Humerus Figure 7.26c-d Coronoid fossa Radius Radial tuberosity Head of radius Capitulum Trochlea (c) Anterior view at the elbow region Humerus Medial epicondyle process of ulna Ulna Radial notch Olecranon process (d) Posterior view of extended elbow Lateral Head Neck

(b) Posterior view of left hand Ulna • Base • Shaft • Head Figure 7.28a-b • Trapezoid • Trapezium • Scaphoid Phalanges Carpals Radius • Proximal • Middle • Distal • Triquetrum • Lunate • Capitate • Hamate • Pisiform Metacarpals (b) Posterior view of left hand Ulna • Base • Shaft • Head (a) Anterior view of left hand Sesamoid bones

Animation: Rotating pelvis Coxal bone (os coxae or hip bone) llium Sacroiliac joint Iliac fossa Pubic Ischium Sacrum Base of sacrum Sacral promontory Pelvic brim Acetabulum Pubic crest Pubic symphysis Iliac crest Coccyx Pubic arch Anterior inferior iliac spine Anterior superior Pubic tubercle PLAY Animation: Rotating pelvis Figure 7.29

(a) Lateral view, right hip bone Anterior gluteal line Ilium Ala Posterior gluteal line Iliac crest Posterior superior iIiac spine Anterior superior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Inferior gluteal line Greater sciatic notch Anterior inferior iliac spine Ischial body Acetabulum Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Pubic body Pubis Ischium Inferior ramus of pubis Ischial tuberosity Obturator foramen Ischial ramus (a) Lateral view, right hip bone Figure 7.30a

(b) Medial view, right hip bone Ilium Iliac fossa Iliac crest Posterior superior iliac spine Anterior superior iliac spine Posterior inferior iliac spine Anterior inferior iliac spine Auricular surface Body of the ilium Arcuate line Greater sciatic notch Superior ramus of pubis Ischial spine Lesser sciatic notch Pubic tubercle Obturator foramen Articular surface of pubis (at pubic symphysis) Ischium Inferior ramus of pubis Ischial ramus (b) Medial view, right hip bone Figure 7.30b

Table 7.4

Neck Fovea capitis Greater trochanter Head Inter- trochanteric crest Lesser trochanter Intertrochanteric line Gluteal tuberosity Apex Linea aspera Anterior Facet for lateral condyle of femur Facet for medial condyle of femur Lateral condyle Medial and lateral supra- condylar lines Lateral epicondyle Surface for patellar ligament Intercondylar fossa Posterior Medial condyle (a) Patella (kneecap) Adductor tubercle Lateral epicondyle Medial epicondyle Patellar surface Anterior view Posterior view (b) Femur (thigh bone) Figure 7.31

(b) Posterior view Articular surface Articular surface of of medial condyle Articular surface of lateral condyle Medial condyle Head of fibula Interosseous membrane Tibia Fibula Articular surface Medial malleolus Lateral malleolus (b) Posterior view Figure 7.32b

Phalanges Distal Middle Proximal Metatarsals Medial cuneiform 1 2 3 4 5 Metatarsals Medial cuneiform Intermediate cuneiform Lateral cuneiform Navicular Cuboid Tarsals Talus Trochlea of talus Calcaneus (a) Superior view Figure 7.33a