Class Expectations –You can show respect by… Listening when the teacher or others are talking. –One speaker at a time, please raise your hand. Please no cross-room conversations during work time. –You can be responsible by… Staying organized and avoiding distraction. Staying focused on task completion. –You can make good choices by… Attending class regularly Doing your best and never giving up. –Be Safe! First, last, and always. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Animalia New Area of Focus: Animalia Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Domains and Kingdoms Domain Bacteria Archaea Kingdom BacteriaArchaea ProtistaPlantaeFungiAnimalia Cell Type Prokaryotic (No nucleus) Eukaryotic (Nucleus) Single or Multi- Cellular Single (Unicellular) Single (Unicellular) Single (Unicellular) Multicellular Gets Energy from.. Varies SunlightAbsorbs Consumes Food Hetero- trophs

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Characteristics of Animalia. Characteristics of Animalia Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Learn more about the characteristics of animals at… characteristics.htm characteristics.htm characteristics.htm

No cell walls. No cell walls. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have a period of embryonic development. Animals have a period of embryonic development. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have a period of embryonic development. Animals have a period of embryonic development. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have Diplontic life cycle. Animals have Diplontic life cycle. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have Diplontic life cycle. Animals have Diplontic life cycle. Genetic information can come from a mother and father. (Many species) Genetic information can come from a mother and father. (Many species) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Fertilization: The joining of the egg and the sperm. –The sperm and egg contain genetic information that will allow this one cell to multiply into trillions. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals eat food. Animals eat food. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals eat food. Animals eat food. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals move. Animals move. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals move. Animals move. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have muscle tissue. Animals have muscle tissue. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have muscle tissue. Animals have muscle tissue. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have nervous tissues. Animals have nervous tissues. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Asexual reproduction: A mode of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single parent. –The offspring inherit the genes of that parent only, it’s reproduction which does not involve meiosis or fertilization.

A few ways animals reproduce without two parents. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Budding: Offspring develop as a growth on the body of the parent. Offspring

Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow to full size, they spontaneously break up into 8 or 9 pieces. Each of these fragments develops into a mature worm, and the process is repeated. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Many Echinoderms can shed a arm “comet” that can regrow the disc and further arms.

Parthenogenesis ("virgin birth"), the females produce eggs, but these develop into young without ever being fertilized. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Asexual Reproduction. –

Animals have three types of symmetry. Animals have three types of symmetry Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bilateral symmetry. Bilateral symmetry. Same on both sides. Same on both sides. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Radial Symmetry. Radial Symmetry. Arranged equally in all directions from a central point. Arranged equally in all directions from a central point. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Asymmetrical. Asymmetrical. Having no symmetry. Having no symmetry. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Short article about animal symmetry at… symmetry-in-action/ symmetry-in-action/ symmetry-in-action/13171

Quiz 1-10 Name the type of symmetry “Let’s do it with symbols” –One finger “Index Please!” (Bilateral) –All five fingers (Radial) –Just a fist (asymmetrical) Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Clam OpenClam Shut

Bonus –TWILIGHT?

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums and Animalia. New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums and Animalia. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Goal, you can look at most any animal on the planet and be able to identify it to the phylum. –Instead of…”Oh, a worm thing with eyes.” –“This is a member of the Kingdom Animalia in the phylum Platyhelminthes commonly called a flatworm.” Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Chordata Arthropoda Mollusca Porifera

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Earthworm

Caution! Graphic Images of Animal Phyla Ahead. If you have some sort of serious phobia please alert the Teacher.

Placozoa: The simplest animal known. –Smallest amount on DNA of any animal. –Made of only a few thousand cells. It only has four types of cells compared to our 200 types, –3 mm across. –May have been the first type of animal evolving from single celled Protists. Taxonomist aren’t really sure where they go because only a few have ever been observed.

Chordata Arthropoda Mollusca Porifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Metazoan animals: They are multicellular, mitochondrial eukaryotes with differentiated tissues, including nerves and muscles. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Porifera – Sponges Phylum Porifera – Sponges Asymmetrical. Asymmetrical.

Video! Sea Sponge filter feeding. – Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Learn more about Porifera / sponges at…

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Coral Anemone

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Coral Anemone Ctenophora

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells. Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells. Silent C (ni dérree ən). Silent C (ni dérree ən). Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells. Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells. Silent C (ni dérree ən). Silent C (ni dérree ən). Radial symmetry. Radial symmetry. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Jellies don’t have a brain, central nervous system, circulatory system, respiratory system, excretory system, and they have an incomplete digestive system.

Phylum Cnidaria: –Jellyfish is a misnomer.

Phylum Cnidaria: –Jellyfish is a misnomer. They are not fish and do not even have a backbone.

Phylum Cnidaria: –Jellyfish is a misnomer. They are not fish and do not even have a backbone. –They have roamed the seas for over 500 million years (oldest multi-cellular creature)

Bud

Two layers of cells. –The outer layer is known as the ectoderm or epidermis. –Layer in the middle is jelly. –Inner layer is known as the endoderm or gastrodermis. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Very diverse phylum. –Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea pens) 6000 spp –Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp –Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral) 3000 spp –Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Very diverse phylum. –Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea pens) 6000 spp –Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp –Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral) 3000 spp –Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Very diverse phylum. –Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea pens) 6000 spp –Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp –Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral) 3000 spp –Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Very diverse phylum. –Anthozoa (true coral, sea anemones, sea pens) 6000 spp –Cubozoa (box jellyfish) 20 spp –Hydrozoa (freshwater hydra, fire coral) 3000 spp –Scyphozoa (true jellyfish) 200 spp Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which is a… –Coral (Anthozoa) –Box Jelly (Cuboza) –Hydra (Hydrozoa) –True Jelly (Scyphozoa) True Box Coral Hydra

Which is a… –Coral (Anthozoa) –Box Jelly (Cuboza) –Hydra (Hydrozoa) –True Jelly (Scyphozoa) Hydra Bud Corals and Anemones TrueJelly BoxJelly

“Still a large Cnidarian however” “Still a large Cnidarian however” Learn more about the Phylum Cnidaria at…

Video Link. Cnidaria and Ctenophora – QYwhttp:// QYw

Video Link! Jellies of North America. –More entertaining, less Taxonomic. –

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Coral Anemone Ctenophora

Comb Jellies belong to a different Phylum called Ctenophora. –They are shaped differently and have cilia to propel themselves. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Example: Hemichordata (Acorn worms) –The are not true chordates. –Learn more about Hemichodata at.. – rdata.htmlhttp:// rdata.html

Which one is Hemichordata (Acorn worms) and which is a plate of hot dogs?

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Earthworm Hemichordata

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

There are three types of worms –Flatworms –Roundworms –Segmented worms

There are three types of worms –Flatworms? –Roundworms? –Segmented worms? ented wor

Phylum Nematoda Phylum Nematoda The Roundworms. The Roundworms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Can lay 27 million eggs during its life and can lay more than 200,000 of them in a single day. Some scientists have estimated that there may be as many as half a million more unkown species of roundworm yet to be discovered,

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

No joke, this is the mouth of a parasitic nematode that lives in your intestine and is common to almost all humans.

Nematodes have a round body cavity. Learn more about Nematoda at… or

Phylum Platyhelminthes. Phylum Platyhelminthes. The Flatworms. The Flatworms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Platyhelminthes. Phylum Platyhelminthes. The Flatworms. The Flatworms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) eat and release waste from the same opening. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy Learn more about the Phylum Platyhelminthes at… helminthes/ helminthes/ helminthes/

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Also for the flatworm to respire through diffusion

Echinodermata Nematoda Annelida Platyhelminthes Cnidaria Cnidaria Rotifera Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Annelida Phylum Annelida The segmented worms. The segmented worms. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Video! Annelida (Leech Therapy) –Caution! If you don’t like leeches, you won’t like this news clip. – Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Video Link! Leeches NOVA podcast – Learn more about Annelida at…